Associative Recurrent Memory Transformer
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper addresses the challenge of creating a neural architecture for very long sequences that requires constant time for processing new information at each time step. Our approach, Associative Recurrent Memory Transformer (ARMT), is based on transformer self-attention for local context and segment-level recurrence for storage of task specific information distributed over a long context. We demonstrate that ARMT outperfors existing alternatives in associative retrieval tasks and sets a new performance record in the recent BABILong multi-task long-context benchmark by answering single-fact questions over 50 million tokens with an accuracy of 79.9%. The source code for training and evaluation is available on github.
Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jul 2024.
Builds on
22 of 27 references.
References · 22
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
- 2021Efficiently Modeling Long Sequences with Structured State Spacescited by 2,424
- 2020The Pile: An 800GB Dataset of Diverse Text for Language Modelingcited by 2,346
- 2020REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Trainingcited by 2,126
- 2023Efficient Streaming Language Models with Attention Sinkscited by 2,115
- 2020Transformers are RNNs: Fast Autoregressive Transformers with Linear Attentioncited by 1,979
- 2019Transformer-XL: Attentive Language Models Beyond a Fixed-Length Contextcited by 1,830
- 2021Improving language models by retrieving from trillions of tokenscited by 1,278
- 2023RWKV: Reinventing RNNs for the Transformer Eracited by 814
- 2023REPLUG: Retrieval-Augmented Black-Box Language Modelscited by 786
10 more
- 2019Compressive Transformers for Long-Range Sequence Modellingcited by 699
- 2023Retentive Network: A Successor to Transformer for Large Language Modelscited by 594
- 2023YaRN: Efficient Context Window Extension of Large Language Modelscited by 584
- 2022Hungry Hungry Hippos: Towards Language Modeling with State Space Modelscited by 495
- 2021Linear Transformers Are Secretly Fast Weight Programmerscited by 471
- 2014Memory Networkscited by 354
- 2022Memorizing Transformerscited by 219
- 2024Repeat After Me: Transformers are Better than State Space Models at Copyingcited by 208
- 2024In Search of Needles in a 11M Haystack: Recurrent Memory Finds What LLMs Misscited by 36
- 2023Retrieval-Pretrained Transformer: Long-range Language Modeling with Self-retrievalcited by 20
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.
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- 2024Training Large Language Models to Reason in a Continuous Latent Spacecited by 763
- 2024Titans: Learning to Memorize at Test Timecited by 303
- 2025Memory-Augmented Transformers: A Systematic Review from Neuroscience Principles to Enhanced Model Architecturescited by 9
- 2025Mechanistic evaluation of Transformers and state space modelscited by 8
- 2025ELMUR: External Layer Memory with Update/Rewrite for Long-Horizon RL Problemscited by 6
- 2026GradMem: Learning to Write Context into Memory with Test-Time Gradient Descentcited by 6
- 2025NeSyPr: Neurosymbolic Proceduralization For Efficient Embodied Reasoningcited by 5
- 2025Q-RAG: Long Context Multi-step Retrieval via Value-based Embedder Trainingcited by 3
- 2024Mixture-of-PageRanks: Replacing Long-Context with Real-Time, Sparse GraphRAGcited by 2
- 2025Diagonal Batching Unlocks Parallelism in Recurrent Memory Transformers for Long Contextscited by 2
- 2024Instructional Text Across Disciplines: A Survey of Representations, Downstream Tasks, and Open Challenges Toward Capable AI Agentscited by 1
- 2025Re:Frame -- Retrieving Experience From Associative Memorycited by 1
- 2026Beyond Episodic AI: Cognitive Field Networks for Biologically Inspired Persistent Cognition15 Sep 2026
- 2026Language Models Need Sleep: Learning to Self-Modify and Consolidate Memories2 Jun 2026
- 2026GradMem: Learning to Write Context into Memory with Test-Time Gradient Descent14 Mar 2026
- 2025GatedFWA: Linear Flash Windowed Attention with Gated Associative Memory8 Dec 2025
- 2025Q-RAG: Long Context Multi-step Retrieval via Value-based Embedder Training10 Nov 2025
- 2025NeSyPr: Neurosymbolic Proceduralization For Efficient Embodied Reasoning22 Oct 2025
- 2025ELMUR: External Layer Memory with Update/Rewrite for Long-Horizon RL Problems8 Oct 2025
- 2025Re:Frame -- Retrieving Experience From Associative Memory26 Aug 2025
- 2025Memory-Augmented Transformers: A Systematic Review from Neuroscience Principles to Enhanced Model Architectures14 Aug 2025
- 2025Diagonal Batching Unlocks Parallelism in Recurrent Memory Transformers for Long Contexts5 Jun 2025
- 2025Mechanistic evaluation of Transformers and state space models21 May 2025
- 2024Titans: Learning to Memorize at Test Time31 Dec 2024
3 more
- 2024Training Large Language Models to Reason in a Continuous Latent Space9 Dec 2024
- 2024Mixture-of-PageRanks: Replacing Long-Context with Real-Time, Sparse GraphRAG8 Dec 2024
- 2024Instructional Text Across Disciplines: A Survey of Representations, Downstream Tasks, and Open Challenges Toward Capable AI Agents24 Oct 2024
- 2024Training Large Language Models to Reason in a Continuous Latent Spacecited by 763
- 2024Titans: Learning to Memorize at Test Timecited by 303
- 2025NeSyPr: Neurosymbolic Proceduralization For Efficient Embodied Reasoningcited by 5
- 2025Re:Frame -- Retrieving Experience From Associative Memory26 Aug 2025
- 2025Memory-Augmented Transformers: A Systematic Review from Neuroscience Principles to Enhanced Model Architecturescited by 9
- 2025ELMUR: External Layer Memory with Update/Rewrite for Long-Horizon RL Problemscited by 6
- 2026GradMem: Learning to Write Context into Memory with Test-Time Gradient Descentcited by 6
- 2025Diagonal Batching Unlocks Parallelism in Recurrent Memory Transformers for Long Contextscited by 2
- 2026Language Models Need Sleep: Learning to Self-Modify and Consolidate Memoriescited by 1
- 2025GatedFWA: Linear Flash Windowed Attention with Gated Associative Memorycited by 0
- 2026Beyond Episodic AI: Cognitive Field Networks for Biologically Inspired Persistent Cognitioncited by 0
- 2026Beyond Episodic AI: Cognitive Field Networks for Biologically Inspired Persistent Cognition15 Sep 2026
- 2026Language Models Need Sleep: Learning to Self-Modify and Consolidate Memories2 Jun 2026
- 2026GradMem: Learning to Write Context into Memory with Test-Time Gradient Descent14 Mar 2026
- 2025GatedFWA: Linear Flash Windowed Attention with Gated Associative Memory8 Dec 2025
- 2025ELMUR: External Layer Memory with Update/Rewrite for Long-Horizon RL Problems8 Oct 2025
- 2025Memory-Augmented Transformers: A Systematic Review from Neuroscience Principles to Enhanced Model Architectures14 Aug 2025
- 2025Diagonal Batching Unlocks Parallelism in Recurrent Memory Transformers for Long Contexts5 Jun 2025