mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Do Vision-Language Transformers Exhibit Visual Commonsense? An Empirical Study of VCR

arXiv 2405.16934 ↗First posted 27 May 2024cs.CVcited by 4

On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Visual Commonsense Reasoning (VCR) calls for explanatory reasoning behind question answering over visual scenes. To achieve this goal, a model is required to provide an acceptable rationale as the reason for the predicted answers. Progress on the benchmark dataset stems largely from the recent advancement of Vision-Language Transformers (VL Transformers). These models are first pre-trained on some generic large-scale vision-text datasets, and then the learned representations are transferred to the downstream VCR task. Despite their attractive performance, this paper posits that the VL Transformers do not exhibit visual commonsense, which is the key to VCR. In particular, our empirical results pinpoint several shortcomings of existing VL Transformers: small gains from pre-training, unexpected language bias, limited model architecture for the two inseparable sub-tasks, and neglect of the important object-tag correlation. With these findings, we tentatively suggest some future directions from the aspect of dataset, evaluation metric, and training tricks. We believe this work could make researchers revisit the intuition and goals of VCR, and thus help tackle the remaining challenges in visual reasoning.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 25 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 May 2024.

Builds on

25 of 50 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Joint Answering and Explanation for Visual Commonsense Reasoning25 Feb

Other references · 24

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
  2. 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,384
  3. 2021SegFormer: Simple and Efficient Design for Semantic Segmentation with Transformerscited by 2,923
  4. 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,489
  5. 2019ViLBERT: Pretraining Task-Agnostic Visiolinguistic Representations for Vision-and-Language Taskscited by 2,219
  6. 2021Align before Fuse: Vision and Language Representation Learning with Momentum Distillationcited by 1,612
  7. 2019LXMERT: Learning Cross-Modality Encoder Representations from Transformerscited by 1,548
  8. 2015Show, Attend and Tell: Neural Image Caption Generation with Visual Attentioncited by 1,421
  9. 2017Bottom-Up and Top-Down Attention for Image Captioning and Visual Question Answeringcited by 1,310
  10. 2021ViLT: Vision-and-Language Transformer Without Convolution or Region Supervisioncited by 1,224
  11. 2019VL-BERT: Pre-training of Generic Visual-Linguistic Representationscited by 954
  12. 2021FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Modelcited by 646
12 more
  1. 2021Unifying Vision-and-Language Tasks via Text Generationcited by 411
  2. 2020Large-Scale Adversarial Training for Vision-and-Language Representation Learningcited by 327
  3. 2021MERLOT: Multimodal Neural Script Knowledge Modelscited by 311
  4. 2020UNIMO: Towards Unified-Modal Understanding and Generation via Cross-Modal Contrastive Learningcited by 239
  5. 2021Seeing Out of tHe bOx: End-to-End Pre-training for Vision-Language Representation Learningcited by 187
  6. 2022A Survey of Vision-Language Pre-Trained Modelscited by 177
  7. 2021Interest-aware Message-Passing GCN for Recommendationcited by 39
  8. 2022On Modality Bias Recognition and Reductioncited by 20
  9. 2020KVL-BERT: Knowledge Enhanced Visual-and-Linguistic BERT for Visual Commonsense Reasoningcited by 18
  10. 2021AdaVQA: Overcoming Language Priors with Adapted Margin Cosine Losscited by 18
  11. 2023A Survey on Video Moment Localizationcited by 18
  12. 2019User Diverse Preference Modeling by Multimodal Attentive Metric Learningcited by 10

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Citing papers per year: 2025: 4.

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  1. 2023ViCor: Bridging Visual Understanding and Commonsense Reasoning with Large Language Models
  2. 2022VLC-BERT: Visual Question Answering with Contextualized Commonsense Knowledge
  3. 2023Learning to Agree on Vision Attention for Visual Commonsense Reasoning
  4. 2025A Study of Commonsense Reasoning over Visual Object Properties
  5. 2024Zero-Shot Visual Reasoning by Vision-Language Models: Benchmarking and Analysis
  6. 2024EventLens: Leveraging Event-Aware Pretraining and Cross-modal Linking Enhances Visual Commonsense Reasoning
  7. 2025VisRes Bench: On Evaluating the Visual Reasoning Capabilities of VLMs
  8. 2024Question Aware Vision Transformer for Multimodal Reasoning