mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

KAUCUS: Knowledge Augmented User Simulators for Training Language Model Assistants

arXiv 2401.16454 ↗First posted 29 Jan 2024cs.HC cs.AI cs.CLcited by 4

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Abstract (arXiv)

An effective multi-turn instruction-following assistant can be developed by creating a simulator that can generate useful interaction data. Apart from relying on its intrinsic weights, an ideal user simulator should also be able to bootstrap external knowledge rapidly in its raw form to simulate the multifarious diversity of text available over the internet. Previous user simulators generally lacked diversity, were mostly closed domain, and necessitated rigid schema making them inefficient to rapidly scale to incorporate external knowledge. In this regard, we introduce, Kaucus, a Knowledge-Augmented User Simulator framework, to outline a process of creating diverse user simulators, that can seamlessly exploit external knowledge as well as benefit downstream assistant model training. Through two GPT-J based simulators viz., a Retrieval Augmented Simulator and a Summary Controlled Simulator we generate diverse simulator-assistant interactions. Through reward and preference model-based evaluations, we find that these interactions serve as useful training data and create more helpful downstream assistants. We also find that incorporating knowledge through retrieval augmentation or summary control helps create better assistants.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Jan 2024.

Builds on

38 of 61 references.

References · 38

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26 more
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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 2.

4 papers.

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  2. 2024AssistRAG: Boosting the Potential of Large Language Models with an Intelligent Information Assistant
  3. 2025ProPerSim: Developing Proactive and Personalized AI Assistants through User-Assistant Simulation
  4. 2025Experiments with Large Language Models on Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Closed-Source Simulation Software
  5. 2025A RAG-Based Institutional Assistant
  6. 2026Intent Speaks Louder: Controllable User Simulation Beyond Response Imitation
  7. 2025R1-Searcher++: Incentivizing the Dynamic Knowledge Acquisition of LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
  8. 2026Beyond the Assistant Turn: User Turn Generation as a Probe of Interaction Awareness in Language Models