SuperServe: Fine-Grained Inference Serving for Unpredictable Workloads
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Abstract (arXiv)
The increasing deployment of ML models on the critical path of production applications in both datacenter and the edge requires ML inference serving systems to serve these models under unpredictable and bursty request arrival rates. Serving models under such conditions requires these systems to strike a careful balance between the latency and accuracy requirements of the application and the overall efficiency of utilization of scarce resources. State-of-the-art systems resolve this tension by either choosing a static point in the latency-accuracy tradeoff space to serve all requests or load specific models on the critical path of request serving. In this work, we instead resolve this tension by simultaneously serving the entire-range of models spanning the latency-accuracy tradeoff space. Our novel mechanism, SubNetAct, achieves this by carefully inserting specialized operators in weight-shared SuperNetworks. These operators enable SubNetAct to dynamically route requests through the network to meet a latency and accuracy target. SubNetAct requires upto 2.6x lower memory to serve a vastly-higher number of models than prior state-of-the-art. In addition, SubNetAct's near-instantaneous actuation of models unlocks the design space of fine-grained, reactive scheduling policies. We explore the design of one such extremely effective policy, SlackFit and instantiate both SubNetAct and SlackFit in a real system, SuperServe. SuperServe achieves 4.67% higher accuracy for the same SLO attainment and 2.85x higher SLO attainment for the same accuracy on a trace derived from the real-world Microsoft Azure Functions workload and yields the best trade-offs on a wide range of extremely-bursty synthetic traces automatically.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Dec 2023.
Builds on
33 of 60 references.
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 5; 2026: 4.
12 papers.
- 2024Andes: Defining and Enhancing Quality-of-Experience in LLM-Based Text Streaming Servicescited by 44
- 2024Agreement-Based Cascading for Efficient Inferencecited by 16
- 2024CascadeServe: Unlocking Model Cascades for Inference Servingcited by 4
- 2025TetriServe: Efficiently Serving Mixed DiT Workloadscited by 4
- 2025ElasticMoE: An Efficient Auto Scaling Method for Mixture-of-Experts Modelscited by 3
- 2025WarmServe: Enabling One-for-Many GPU Prewarming for Multi-LLM Servingcited by 2
- 2026Diagnose Before You Compress: Prediction-Independent Bottleneck Witness Refinement for LLM Serving Tracescited by 1
- 2025EPARA: Parallelizing Categorized AI Inference in Edge Cloudscited by 0
- 2025AutoTailor: Automatic and Efficient Adaptive Model Deployment for Diverse Edge Devicescited by 0
- 2026Rethinking Network Topologies for Cost-Effective Mixture-of-Experts LLM Servingcited by 0
- 2026Breaking the Ice: Analyzing Cold Start Latency in vLLMcited by 0
- 2026Gleam: Adaptive Network-Efficient CUDA API Remoting for Cross-Device GPU Sharing over LANscited by 0
- 2026Diagnose Before You Compress: Prediction-Independent Bottleneck Witness Refinement for LLM Serving Traces1 Aug 2026
- 2026Gleam: Adaptive Network-Efficient CUDA API Remoting for Cross-Device GPU Sharing over LANs25 Jul 2026
- 2026Breaking the Ice: Analyzing Cold Start Latency in vLLM5 Jun 2026
- 2026Rethinking Network Topologies for Cost-Effective Mixture-of-Experts LLM Serving30 Apr 2026
- 2025WarmServe: Enabling One-for-Many GPU Prewarming for Multi-LLM Serving10 Dec 2025
- 2025AutoTailor: Automatic and Efficient Adaptive Model Deployment for Diverse Edge Devices27 Nov 2025
- 2025EPARA: Parallelizing Categorized AI Inference in Edge Clouds1 Nov 2025
- 2025ElasticMoE: An Efficient Auto Scaling Method for Mixture-of-Experts Models2 Oct 2025
- 2025TetriServe: Efficiently Serving Mixed DiT Workloads2 Oct 2025
- 2024Agreement-Based Cascading for Efficient Inference2 Jul 2024
- 2024CascadeServe: Unlocking Model Cascades for Inference Serving20 Jun 2024
- 2024Andes: Defining and Enhancing Quality-of-Experience in LLM-Based Text Streaming Services25 Apr 2024