mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Reinforcement Learning from Statistical Feedback: the Journey from AB Testing to ANT Testing

arXiv 2311.14766 ↗First posted 24 Nov 2023cs.LG math.ST stat.MEcited by 1

On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Reward modeling and RLHF

Abstract (arXiv)

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has played a crucial role in the success of large models such as ChatGPT. RLHF is a reinforcement learning framework which combines human feedback to improve learning effectiveness and performance. However, obtaining preferences feedback manually is quite expensive in commercial applications. Some statistical commercial indicators are usually more valuable and always ignored in RLHF. There exists a gap between commercial target and model training. In our research, we will attempt to fill this gap with statistical business feedback instead of human feedback, using AB testing which is a well-established statistical method. Reinforcement Learning from Statistical Feedback (RLSF) based on AB testing is proposed. Statistical inference methods are used to obtain preferences for training the reward network, which fine-tunes the pre-trained model in reinforcement learning framework, achieving greater business value. Furthermore, we extend AB testing with double selections at a single time-point to ANT testing with multiple selections at different feedback time points. Moreover, we design numerical experiences to validate the effectiveness of our algorithm framework.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reward modeling and RLHF, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 18 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Nov 2023.

Builds on

18 of 30 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Reward Uncertainty for Exploration in Preference-based Reinforcement Learning24 May
  2. 2020Learning Rewards from Linguistic Feedback30 Sep
  3. 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferences18 Sep
  4. 2018Reward learning from human preferences and demonstrations in Atari15 Nov
  5. 2017Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences12 Jun

Other references · 13

  1. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  2. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,441
  3. 2020Learning to summarize from human feedbackcited by 2,562
  4. 2017DeepFM: A Factorization-Machine based Neural Network for CTR Predictioncited by 673
  5. 2017Deep Interest Network for Click-Through Rate Predictioncited by 541
  6. 2021Recursively Summarizing Books with Human Feedbackcited by 287
  7. 2023A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A History of Generative AI from GAN to ChatGPTcited by 221
  8. 2020Implementation Matters in Deep Policy Gradients: A Case Study on PPO and TRPOcited by 184
  9. 2018Offline A/B testing for Recommender Systemscited by 94
  10. 2019Better Rewards Yield Better Summaries: Learning to Summarise Without Referencescited by 76
  11. 2021A Survey of Community Detection Approaches: From Statistical Modeling to Deep Learningcited by 55
  12. 2021Deep Learning for Click-Through Rate Estimationcited by 33
1 more
  1. 2018Customer Lifetime Value in Video Games Using Deep Learning and Parametric Modelscited by 14

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 1.

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  1. 2026Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback: A Statistical Perspective
  2. 2025Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
  3. 2024RLHF Workflow: From Reward Modeling to Online RLHF
  4. 2023A Survey of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
  5. 2024Uni-RLHF: Universal Platform and Benchmark Suite for Reinforcement Learning with Diverse Human Feedback
  6. 2024RLHF Deciphered: A Critical Analysis of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback for LLMs
  7. 2023Iterative Preference Learning from Human Feedback: Bridging Theory and Practice for RLHF under KL-Constraint
  8. 2025Provably Efficient Online RLHF with One-Pass Reward Modeling