mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

NeuroPrompts: An Adaptive Framework to Optimize Prompts for Text-to-Image Generation

arXiv 2311.12229 ↗First posted 20 Nov 2023cs.AIcited by 10

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

Abstract (arXiv)

Despite impressive recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models, obtaining high-quality images often requires prompt engineering by humans who have developed expertise in using them. In this work, we present NeuroPrompts, an adaptive framework that automatically enhances a user's prompt to improve the quality of generations produced by text-to-image models. Our framework utilizes constrained text decoding with a pre-trained language model that has been adapted to generate prompts similar to those produced by human prompt engineers. This approach enables higher-quality text-to-image generations and provides user control over stylistic features via constraint set specification. We demonstrate the utility of our framework by creating an interactive application for prompt enhancement and image generation using Stable Diffusion. Additionally, we conduct experiments utilizing a large dataset of human-engineered prompts for text-to-image generation and show that our approach automatically produces enhanced prompts that result in superior image quality. We make our code and a screencast video demo of NeuroPrompts publicly available.

Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 21 of its 25 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Nov 2023.

Builds on

21 of 25 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022DiffusionDB: A Large-scale Prompt Gallery Dataset for Text-to-Image Generative Models26 Oct
  2. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding23 May
  3. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents13 Apr
  4. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models20 Dec

Other references · 17

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  4. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  5. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,441
  6. 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,131
  7. 2021The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuningcited by 3,769
  8. 2020Learning to summarize from human feedbackcited by 2,562
  9. 2021What Makes Good In-Context Examples for GPT-3?cited by 1,184
  10. 2021Learning How to Ask: Querying LMs with Mixtures of Soft Promptscited by 376
  11. 2023Stable Bias: Analyzing Societal Representations in Diffusion Modelscited by 225
  12. 2021Design Guidelines for Prompt Engineering Text-to-Image Generative Modelscited by 216
5 more
  1. 2021NeuroLogic A*esque Decoding: Constrained Text Generation with Lookahead Heuristicscited by 153
  2. 2020NeuroLogic Decoding: (Un)supervised Neural Text Generation with Predicate Logic Constraintscited by 146
  3. 2022NeuroCounterfactuals: Beyond Minimal-Edit Counterfactuals for Richer Data Augmentationcited by 23
  4. 2022I2D2: Inductive Knowledge Distillation with NeuroLogic and Self-Imitationcited by 21
  5. 2023NeuroComparatives: Neuro-Symbolic Distillation of Comparative Knowledgecited by 8

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 5.

10 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2022Optimizing Prompts for Text-to-Image Generation
  2. 2024Batch-Instructed Gradient for Prompt Evolution:Systematic Prompt Optimization for Enhanced Text-to-Image Synthesis
  3. 2025PromptEnhancer: A Simple Approach to Enhance Text-to-Image Models via Chain-of-Thought Prompt Rewriting
  4. 2024PromptCharm: Text-to-Image Generation through Multi-modal Prompting and Refinement
  5. 2024Words Worth a Thousand Pictures: Measuring and Understanding Perceptual Variability in Text-to-Image Generation
  6. 2023Manipulating Embeddings of Stable Diffusion Prompts
  7. 2024Dynamic Prompt Optimizing for Text-to-Image Generation
  8. 2025Reward-Agnostic Prompt Optimization for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models