mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Machine Translation for Nko: Tools, Corpora and Baseline Results

arXiv 2310.15612 ↗First posted 24 Oct 2023cs.CL cs.CY cs.HCcited by 2

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Abstract (arXiv)

Currently, there is no usable machine translation system for Nko, a language spoken by tens of millions of people across multiple West African countries, which holds significant cultural and educational value. To address this issue, we present a set of tools, resources, and baseline results aimed towards the development of usable machine translation systems for Nko and other languages that do not currently have sufficiently large parallel text corpora available. (1) Friaparallelel: A novel collaborative parallel text curation software that incorporates quality control through copyedit-based workflows. (2) Expansion of the FLoRes-200 and NLLB-Seed corpora with 2,009 and 6,193 high-quality Nko translations in parallel with 204 and 40 other languages. (3) nicolingua-0005: A collection of trilingual and bilingual corpora with 130,850 parallel segments and monolingual corpora containing over 3 million Nko words. (4) Baseline bilingual and multilingual neural machine translation results with the best model scoring 30.83 English-Nko chrF++ on FLoRes-devtest.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 12 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Oct 2023.

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12 of 42 references.

References · 12

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
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  3. 2018A Call for Clarity in Reporting BLEU Scorescited by 1,799
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  5. 2022No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translationcited by 1,312
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  7. 2016Google's Multilingual Neural Machine Translation System: Enabling Zero-Shot Translationcited by 469
  8. 2019BPE-Dropout: Simple and Effective Subword Regularizationcited by 195
  9. 2020Participatory Research for Low-resourced Machine Translation: A Case Study in African Languagescited by 159
  10. 2015Multi-task Sequence to Sequence Learningcited by 94
  11. 2019Generalized Data Augmentation for Low-Resource Translationcited by 53
  12. 2020MT-Adapted Datasheets for Datasets: Template and Repositorycited by 2

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 1.

2 papers.

  1. 2025Compositional Translation: A Novel LLM-based Approach for Low-resource Machine Translationcited by 14
  2. 2024Outliers and Calibration Sets have Diminishing Effect on Quantization of Modern LLMscited by 12