Constructive Large Language Models Alignment with Diverse Feedback
On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Human values and AI feedback alignment
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
In recent research on large language models (LLMs), there has been a growing emphasis on aligning these models with human values to reduce the impact of harmful content. However, current alignment methods often rely solely on singular forms of human feedback, such as preferences, annotated labels, or natural language critiques, overlooking the potential advantages of combining these feedback types. This limitation leads to suboptimal performance, even when ample training data is available. In this paper, we introduce Constructive and Diverse Feedback (CDF) as a novel method to enhance LLM alignment, inspired by constructivist learning theory. Our approach involves collecting three distinct types of feedback tailored to problems of varying difficulty levels within the training dataset. Specifically, we exploit critique feedback for easy problems, refinement feedback for medium problems, and preference feedback for hard problems. By training our model with this diversified feedback, we achieve enhanced alignment performance while using less training data. To assess the effectiveness of CDF, we evaluate it against previous methods in three downstream tasks: question answering, dialog generation, and text summarization. Experimental results demonstrate that CDF achieves superior performance even with a smaller training dataset.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Human values and AI feedback alignment, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 31 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Oct 2023.
Builds on
31 of 47 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2023AlpacaFarm: A Simulation Framework for Methods that Learn from Human Feedback22 May
- 2022Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback15 Dec
- 2022When Life Gives You Lemons, Make Cherryade: Converting Feedback from Bad Responses into Good Labels28 Oct
- 2020Learning to summarize from human feedback2 Sep
Other references · 27
- 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
- 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
- 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
- 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,326
- 2017Deep reinforcement learning from human preferencescited by 3,912
- 2022Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedbackcited by 3,720
- 2023Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedbackcited by 3,442
- 2023Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4cited by 2,592
- 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferencescited by 2,150
- 2021WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedbackcited by 1,745
- 2022Scaling Laws for Reward Model Overoptimizationcited by 1,095
15 more
- 2023Large Language Models are not Fair Evaluatorscited by 1,085
- 2022Solving math word problems with process- and outcome-based feedbackcited by 901
- 2023Open Problems and Fundamental Limitations of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedbackcited by 759
- 2023Scaling Data-Constrained Language Modelscited by 403
- 2023Fine-Grained Human Feedback Gives Better Rewards for Language Model Trainingcited by 401
- 2022Self-critiquing models for assisting human evaluatorscited by 380
- 2023Preference Ranking Optimization for Human Alignmentcited by 285
- 2022Generating Sequences by Learning to Self-Correctcited by 277
- 2023Principled Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback from Pairwise or K-wise Comparisonscited by 247
- 2023Chain of Hindsight Aligns Language Models with Feedbackcited by 148
- 2023RL4F: Generating Natural Language Feedback with Reinforcement Learning for Repairing Model Outputscited by 105
- 2023Shepherd: A Critic for Language Model Generationcited by 97
- 2022PEER: A Collaborative Language Modelcited by 86
- 2021Learning to Repair: Repairing model output errors after deployment using a dynamic memory of feedbackcited by 35
- 2022Simulating Bandit Learning from User Feedback for Extractive Question Answeringcited by 14
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 7; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
9 papers.
- 2024WorldValuesBench: A Large-Scale Benchmark Dataset for Multi-Cultural Value Awareness of Language Modelscited by 60
- 2024Scaling Data Diversity for Fine-Tuning Language Models in Human Alignmentcited by 26
- 2024Masked Thought: Simply Masking Partial Reasoning Steps Can Improve Mathematical Reasoning Learning of Language Modelscited by 20
- 2023Reasons to Reject? Aligning Language Models with Judgmentscited by 15
- 2024Fine-Tuning Language Models with Reward Learning on Policycited by 15
- 2024Towards Acyclic Preference Evaluation of Language Models via Multiple Evaluatorscited by 13
- 2024ICDPO: Effectively Borrowing Alignment Capability of Others via In-context Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 6
- 2024Annotation-Efficient Language Model Alignment via Diverse and Representative Response Textscited by 3
- 2026Toward a Theory of Value in AI Alignmentcited by 0
- 2026Toward a Theory of Value in AI Alignment10 Aug 2026
- 2024Towards Acyclic Preference Evaluation of Language Models via Multiple Evaluators14 Oct 2024
- 2024Annotation-Efficient Language Model Alignment via Diverse and Representative Response Texts22 May 2024
- 2024WorldValuesBench: A Large-Scale Benchmark Dataset for Multi-Cultural Value Awareness of Language Models25 Apr 2024
- 2024Fine-Tuning Language Models with Reward Learning on Policy28 Mar 2024
- 2024Scaling Data Diversity for Fine-Tuning Language Models in Human Alignment17 Mar 2024
- 2024Masked Thought: Simply Masking Partial Reasoning Steps Can Improve Mathematical Reasoning Learning of Language Models4 Mar 2024
- 2024ICDPO: Effectively Borrowing Alignment Capability of Others via In-context Direct Preference Optimization14 Feb 2024
- 2023Reasons to Reject? Aligning Language Models with Judgments22 Dec 2023
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- 2023Aligning Large Language Models through Synthetic Feedback
- 2023Peering Through Preferences: Unraveling Feedback Acquisition for Aligning Large Language Models
- 2024MetaAlign: Align Large Language Models with Diverse Preferences during Inference Time
- 2025A Survey on Training-free Alignment of Large Language Models
- 2025Towards Efficient and Effective Alignment of Large Language Models
- 2023Aligning Large Language Models with Human: A Survey