External Reasoning: Towards Multi-Large-Language-Models Interchangeable Assistance with Human Feedback
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation
Abstract (arXiv)
Memory is identified as a crucial human faculty that allows for the retention of visual and linguistic information within the hippocampus and neurons in the brain, which can subsequently be retrieved to address real-world challenges that arise through a lifetime of learning. The resolution of complex AI tasks through the application of acquired knowledge represents a stride toward the realization of artificial general intelligence. However, despite the prevalence of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 citebrown2020language, leiter2023chatgpt, zaitsu2023distinguishing, OpenAI2023GPT4TR , which have displayed remarkable capabilities in language comprehension, generation, interaction, and reasoning, they are inhibited by constraints on context length that preclude the processing of extensive, continually evolving knowledge bases. This paper proposes that LLMs could be augmented through the selective integration of knowledge from external repositories, and in doing so, introduces a novel methodology for External Reasoning, exemplified by ChatPDF. Central to this approach is the establishment of a tiered policy for External Reasoning based on Multiple LLM Interchange Assistance in creffig:overall, where the level of support rendered is modulated across entry, intermediate, and advanced tiers based on the complexity of the query, with adjustments made in response to human feedback. A comprehensive evaluation of this methodology is conducted using multiple LLMs and the results indicate state-of-the-art performance in crefcomparison , surpassing existing solutions including ChatPDF.com. Moreover, the paper emphasizes that this approach is more efficient compared to the direct processing of full text by LLMs. The source code is publicly available at: urlhttps://github.com/AkideLiu/ANLP.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 19 of its 25 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jul 2023.
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19 of 25 references.
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Other references · 16
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
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- 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,326
- 2022Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasonerscited by 4,374
- 2021Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learnerscited by 3,780
- 2022OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Modelscited by 3,512
- 2022Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Modelscited by 3,024
- 2021An Explanation of In-context Learning as Implicit Bayesian Inferencecited by 938
- 2022Super-NaturalInstructions: Generalization via Declarative Instructions on 1600+ NLP Taskscited by 868
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- 2022GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Modelcited by 843
- 2022OPT-IML: Scaling Language Model Instruction Meta Learning through the Lens of Generalizationcited by 236
- 2023ChatGPT: A Meta-Analysis after 2.5 Monthscited by 51
- 2023Distinguishing ChatGPT(-3.5, -4)-generated and human-written papers through Japanese stylometric analysiscited by 16
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