mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

BatGPT: A Bidirectional Autoregessive Talker from Generative Pre-trained Transformer

arXiv 2307.00360 ↗First posted 1 Jul 2023cs.CLcited by 23

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Abstract (arXiv)

BatGPT is a large-scale language model designed and trained jointly by Wuhan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. It is capable of generating highly natural and fluent text in response to various types of input, including text prompts, images, and audio. In the modeling level, we employ a bidirectional autoregressive architecture that allows the model to efficiently capture the complex dependencies of natural language, making it highly effective in tasks such as language generation, dialog systems, and question answering. Moreover, the bidirectional autoregressive modeling not only operates from left to right but also from right to left, effectively reducing fixed memory effects and alleviating model hallucinations. In the training aspect, we propose a novel parameter expansion method for leveraging the pre-training of smaller models and employ reinforcement learning from both AI and human feedback, aimed at improving the model's alignment performance. Overall, these approaches significantly improve the effectiveness of BatGPT, and the model can be utilized for a wide range of natural language applications.

Key facts. Cited by 23 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Jul 2023.

Builds on

26 of 35 references.

References · 26

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  2. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
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  4. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
  5. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,599
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14 more
  1. 2022Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Modelscited by 3,019
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 7; 2025: 10; 2026: 2.

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  1. 2023Siren's Song in the AI Ocean: A Survey on Hallucination in Large Language Modelscited by 698
  2. 2024Beyond Functional Correctness: Exploring Hallucinations in LLM-Generated Codecited by 107
  3. 2024InfoRM: Mitigating Reward Hacking in RLHF via Information-Theoretic Reward Modelingcited by 79
  4. 2024Safeguarding Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 78
  5. 2023Can Large Language Models Understand Real-World Complex Instructions?cited by 69
  6. 2024AI Hallucinations: A Misnomer Worth Clarifyingcited by 34
  7. 2024Deconstructing The Ethics of Large Language Models from Long-standing Issues to New-emerging Dilemmas: A Surveycited by 23
  8. 2025The Energy Loss Phenomenon in RLHF: A New Perspective on Mitigating Reward Hackingcited by 18
  9. 2025Mitigating Hallucination in Multimodal LLMs with Layer Contrastive Decodingcited by 10
  10. 2024BatGPT-Chem: A Foundation Large Model For Retrosynthesis Predictioncited by 9
  11. 2024A Survey on Responsible Generative AI: What to Generate and What Notcited by 8
  12. 2023OpenBA: An Open-sourced 15B Bilingual Asymmetric seq2seq Model Pre-trained from Scratchcited by 7
11 more
  1. 2025Information-Theoretic Reward Modeling for Stable RLHF: Detecting and Mitigating Reward Hackingcited by 5
  2. 2023ArcGPT: A Large Language Model Tailored for Real-world Archival Applicationscited by 3
  3. 2025HuDEx: Integrating Hallucination Detection and Explainability for Enhancing the Reliability of LLM responsescited by 3
  4. 2025LayerCake: Token-Aware Contrastive Decoding within Large Language Model Layerscited by 3
  5. 2025HIDE and Seek: Detecting Hallucinations in Language Models via Decoupled Representationscited by 2
  6. 2025Mitigating Hallucination in Large Language Models (LLMs): An Application-Oriented Survey on RAG, Reasoning, and Agentic Systemscited by 2
  7. 2025End-to-end Contrastive Language-Speech Pretraining Model For Long-form Spoken Question Answeringcited by 2
  8. 2025Deploying AI for Signal Processing education: Selected challenges and intriguing opportunitiescited by 1
  9. 2025Joint Automatic Speech Recognition And Structure Learning For Better Speech Understandingcited by 0
  10. 2026The Cost of Knowing: A Resource-Aware Protocol for Benchmarking Hallucination Beyond Static Leaderboardscited by 0
  11. 2026Hallucinations in LLMs: A Lifecycle-Based Survey of Causes, Detection, Mitigation, and Preventioncited by 0