mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

The CLIP Model is Secretly an Image-to-Prompt Converter

arXiv 2305.12716 ↗First posted 22 May 2023cs.CVcited by 14

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

Abstract (arXiv)

The Stable Diffusion model is a prominent text-to-image generation model that relies on a text prompt as its input, which is encoded using the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP). However, text prompts have limitations when it comes to incorporating implicit information from reference images. Existing methods have attempted to address this limitation by employing expensive training procedures involving millions of training samples for image-to-image generation. In contrast, this paper demonstrates that the CLIP model, as utilized in Stable Diffusion, inherently possesses the ability to instantaneously convert images into text prompts. Such an image-to-prompt conversion can be achieved by utilizing a linear projection matrix that is calculated in a closed form. Moreover, the paper showcases that this capability can be further enhanced by either utilizing a small amount of similar-domain training data (approximately 100 images) or incorporating several online training steps (around 30 iterations) on the reference images. By leveraging these approaches, the proposed method offers a simple and flexible solution to bridge the gap between images and text prompts. This methodology can be applied to various tasks such as image variation and image editing, facilitating more effective and seamless interaction between images and textual prompts.

Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 27 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 May 2023.

Builds on

27 of 33 references.

Closest ancestors · 10

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Models10 Feb
  2. 2023Attend-and-Excite: Attention-Based Semantic Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models31 Jan
  3. 2022Training-Free Structured Diffusion Guidance for Compositional Text-to-Image Synthesis9 Dec
  4. 2022Multi-Concept Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusion8 Dec
  5. 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions17 Nov
  6. 2022Null-text Inversion for Editing Real Images using Guided Diffusion Models17 Nov
  7. 2022Imagic: Text-Based Real Image Editing with Diffusion Models17 Oct
  8. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation25 Aug
  9. 2022Compositional Visual Generation with Composable Diffusion Models3 Jun
  10. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents13 Apr

Other references · 17

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,588
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,952
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,777
  4. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,550
  5. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,718
  6. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,213
  7. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,023
  8. 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,284
  9. 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,975
  10. 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,421
  11. 2021CLIPScore: A Reference-free Evaluation Metric for Image Captioningcited by 2,407
  12. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,240
5 more
  1. 2022Visual Prompt Tuningcited by 1,677
  2. 2022Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translationcited by 903
  3. 2022Pseudo Numerical Methods for Diffusion Models on Manifoldscited by 697
  4. 2023Zero-shot Image-to-Image Translationcited by 503
  5. 2022Make-A-Scene: Scene-Based Text-to-Image Generation with Human Priorscited by 487

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Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 6; 2025: 6; 2026: 1.

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  1. 2023IP-Adapter: Text Compatible Image Prompt Adapter for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
  2. 2023Prompt-Free Diffusion: Taking "Text" out of Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
  3. 2023Reverse Stable Diffusion: What prompt was used to generate this image?
  4. 2023If at First You Don't Succeed, Try, Try Again: Faithful Diffusion-based Text-to-Image Generation by Selection
  5. 2023Controlled and Conditional Text to Image Generation with Diffusion Prior
  6. 2025EDITOR: Effective and Interpretable Prompt Inversion for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
  7. 2024Diffusion Feedback Helps CLIP See Better
  8. 2024Dynamic Prompt Optimizing for Text-to-Image Generation