What does BERT learn about prosody?
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Language models have become nearly ubiquitous in natural language processing applications achieving state-of-the-art results in many tasks including prosody. As the model design does not define predetermined linguistic targets during training but rather aims at learning generalized representations of the language, analyzing and interpreting the representations that models implicitly capture is important in bridging the gap between interpretability and model performance. Several studies have explored the linguistic information that models capture providing some insights on their representational capacity. However, the current studies have not explored whether prosody is part of the structural information of the language that models learn. In this work, we perform a series of experiments on BERT probing the representations captured at different layers. Our results show that information about prosodic prominence spans across many layers but is mostly focused in middle layers suggesting that BERT relies mostly on syntactic and semantic information.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 13 of its 25 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Apr 2023.
Builds on
13 of 25 references.
References · 13
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- 2019Predicting Prosodic Prominence from Text with Pre-trained Contextualized Word Representationscited by 14
- 2020Towards Interpreting BERT for Reading Comprehension Based QAcited by 13
- 2022BERT, can HE predict contrastive focus? Predicting and controlling prominence in neural TTS using a language modelcited by 10
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 1; 2025: 2.
4 papers.
- 2023Investigating the Utility of Surprisal from Large Language Models for Speech Synthesis Prosodycited by 4
- 2025Representation of perceived prosodic similarity of conversational feedbackcited by 1
- 2024Word-wise intonation model for cross-language TTS systemscited by 0
- 2025Spontaneous Speech Variables for Evaluating LLMs Cognitive Plausibilitycited by 0
- 2025Spontaneous Speech Variables for Evaluating LLMs Cognitive Plausibility22 May 2025
- 2025Representation of perceived prosodic similarity of conversational feedback19 May 2025
- 2024Word-wise intonation model for cross-language TTS systems30 Sep 2024
- 2023Investigating the Utility of Surprisal from Large Language Models for Speech Synthesis Prosody16 Jun 2023