mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Natural Language Processing in Ethiopian Languages: Current State, Challenges, and Opportunities

arXiv 2303.14406 ↗First posted 25 Mar 2023cs.CLcited by 11

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Abstract (arXiv)

This survey delves into the current state of natural language processing (NLP) for four Ethiopian languages: Amharic, Afaan Oromo, Tigrinya, and Wolaytta. Through this paper, we identify key challenges and opportunities for NLP research in Ethiopia. Furthermore, we provide a centralized repository on GitHub that contains publicly available resources for various NLP tasks in these languages. This repository can be updated periodically with contributions from other researchers. Our objective is to identify research gaps and disseminate the information to NLP researchers interested in Ethiopian languages and encourage future research in this domain.

Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 12 of its 89 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Mar 2023.

Builds on

12 of 89 references.

References · 12

  1. 2021XL-Sum: Large-Scale Multilingual Abstractive Summarization for 44 Languagescited by 347
  2. 2021MasakhaNER: Named Entity Recognition for African Languagescited by 155
  3. 2021Neural Machine Translation for Low-Resource Languages: A Surveycited by 109
  4. 2020Low Resource Neural Machine Translation: A Benchmark for Five African Languagescited by 15
  5. 2020Introducing various Semantic Models for Amharic: Experimentation and Evaluation with multiple Tasks and Datasetscited by 12
  6. 2021An Amharic News Text classification Datasetcited by 10
  7. 2021Extended Parallel Corpus for Amharic-English Machine Translationcited by 10
  8. 2021An Exploration of Data Augmentation Techniques for Improving English to Tigrinya Translationcited by 6
  9. 2022ANEC: An Amharic Named Entity Corpus and Transformer Based Recognizercited by 5
  10. 2022The Effect of Normalization for Bi-directional Amharic-English Neural Machine Translationcited by 5
  11. 2021Crowdsourcing Parallel Corpus for English-Oromo Neural Machine Translation using Community Engagement Platformcited by 4
  12. 2020Machine Learning Approaches for Amharic Parts-of-speech Taggingcited by 2

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 6; 2026: 1.

11 papers.

  1. 2025Charting the Landscape of African NLP: Mapping Progress and Shaping the Road Aheadcited by 16
  2. 2024Walia-LLM: Enhancing Amharic-LLaMA by Integrating Task-Specific and Generative Datasetscited by 8
  3. 2024EthioLLM: Multilingual Large Language Models for Ethiopian Languages with Task Evaluationcited by 8
  4. 2024TIGQA:An Expert Annotated Question Answering Dataset in Tigrinyacited by 5
  5. 2025Whispering in Amharic: Fine-tuning Whisper for Low-resource Languagecited by 5
  6. 2025Natural Language Processing for Tigrinya: Current State and Future Directionscited by 2
  7. 2024Amharic LLaMA and LLaVA: Multimodal LLMs for Low Resource Languagescited by 1
  8. 2025The Rise of AfricaNLP: A Survey of Contributions, Contributors, Community Impact, and Bibliometric Analysiscited by 0
  9. 2025Evaluation Sheet for Deep Research: A Use Case for Academic Survey Writingcited by 0
  10. 2025Opportunities and Challenges of Natural Language Processing for Low-Resource Senegalese Languages in Social Science Researchcited by 0
  11. 2026AmharicIR+Instr: A Two-Dataset Resource for Neural Retrieval and Instruction Tuningcited by 0