Learn, Unlearn and Relearn: An Online Learning Paradigm for Deep Neural Networks
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep neural networks (DNNs) are often trained on the premise that the complete training data set is provided ahead of time. However, in real-world scenarios, data often arrive in chunks over time. This leads to important considerations about the optimal strategy for training DNNs, such as whether to fine-tune them with each chunk of incoming data (warm-start) or to retrain them from scratch with the entire corpus of data whenever a new chunk is available. While employing the latter for training can be resource-intensive, recent work has pointed out the lack of generalization in warm-start models. Therefore, to strike a balance between efficiency and generalization, we introduce Learn, Unlearn, and Relearn (LURE) an online learning paradigm for DNNs. LURE interchanges between the unlearning phase, which selectively forgets the undesirable information in the model through weight reinitialization in a data-dependent manner, and the relearning phase, which emphasizes learning on generalizable features. We show that our training paradigm provides consistent performance gains across datasets in both classification and few-shot settings. We further show that it leads to more robust and well-calibrated models.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 23 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Mar 2023.
Builds on
23 of 41 references.
References · 23
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11 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 1; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
7 papers.
- 2023Improving Language Plasticity via Pretraining with Active Forgettingcited by 43
- 2023DUCK: Distance-based Unlearning via Centroid Kinematicscited by 13
- 2023Reset It and Forget It: Relearning Last-Layer Weights Improves Continual and Transfer Learningcited by 6
- 2024Step Out and Seek Around: On Warm-Start Training with Incremental Datacited by 4
- 2025Recovering Plasticity of Neural Networks via Soft Weight Rescalingcited by 1
- 2025COLUR: Confidence-Oriented Learning, Unlearning and Relearning with Noisy-Label Data for Model Restoration and Refinementcited by 0
- 2026Learning Dynamics of Continual Learning: A Unified View of Data Attribution, Forgetting, and Plasticity Losscited by 0
- 2026Learning Dynamics of Continual Learning: A Unified View of Data Attribution, Forgetting, and Plasticity Loss27 Sep 2026
- 2025Recovering Plasticity of Neural Networks via Soft Weight Rescaling7 Jul 2025
- 2025COLUR: Confidence-Oriented Learning, Unlearning and Relearning with Noisy-Label Data for Model Restoration and Refinement24 Jun 2025
- 2024Step Out and Seek Around: On Warm-Start Training with Incremental Data6 Jun 2024
- 2023DUCK: Distance-based Unlearning via Centroid Kinematics4 Dec 2023
- 2023Reset It and Forget It: Relearning Last-Layer Weights Improves Continual and Transfer Learning12 Oct 2023
- 2023Improving Language Plasticity via Pretraining with Active Forgetting3 Jul 2023
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- 2025MUBox: A Critical Evaluation Framework of Deep Machine Unlearning
- 2025Layered Unlearning for Adversarial Relearning
- 2025LoTUS: Large-Scale Machine Unlearning with a Taste of Uncertainty
- 2024Fast Exact Unlearning for In-Context Learning Data for LLMs
- 2026BID-LoRA: A Parameter-Efficient Framework for Continual Learning and Unlearning
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