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Adopting the Multi-answer Questioning Task with an Auxiliary Metric for Extreme Multi-label Text Classification Utilizing the Label Hierarchy

arXiv 2303.01064 ↗First posted 2 Mar 2023cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Extreme multi-label text classification utilizes the label hierarchy to partition extreme labels into multiple label groups, turning the task into simple multi-group multi-label classification tasks. Current research encodes labels as a vector with fixed length which needs establish multiple classifiers for different label groups. The problem is how to build only one classifier without sacrificing the label relationship in the hierarchy. This paper adopts the multi-answer questioning task for extreme multi-label classification. This paper also proposes an auxiliary classification evaluation metric. This study adopts the proposed method and the evaluation metric to the legal domain. The utilization of legal Berts and the study on task distribution are discussed. The experiment results show that the proposed hierarchy and multi-answer questioning task can do extreme multi-label classification for EURLEX dataset. And in minor/fine-tuning the multi-label classification task, the domain adapted BERT models could not show apparent advantages in this experiment. The method is also theoretically applicable to zero-shot learning.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 8 of its 11 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Mar 2023.

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References · 8

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
  2. 2021When Does Pretraining Help? Assessing Self-Supervised Learning for Law and the CaseHOLD Datasetcited by 199
  3. 2020Deep Learning Based Text Classification: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 140
  4. 2020LEGAL-BERT: The Muppets straight out of Law Schoolcited by 111
  5. 2019Large-Scale Multi-Label Text Classification on EU Legislationcited by 104
  6. 2019What Would Elsa Do? Freezing Layers During Transformer Fine-Tuningcited by 87
  7. 2021AEDA: An Easier Data Augmentation Technique for Text Classificationcited by 67
  8. 2019A Simple and Effective Model for Answering Multi-span Questionscited by 13

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