DC-Check: A Data-Centric AI checklist to guide the development of reliable machine learning systems
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Abstract (arXiv)
While there have been a number of remarkable breakthroughs in machine learning (ML), much of the focus has been placed on model development. However, to truly realize the potential of machine learning in real-world settings, additional aspects must be considered across the ML pipeline. Data-centric AI is emerging as a unifying paradigm that could enable such reliable end-to-end pipelines. However, this remains a nascent area with no standardized framework to guide practitioners to the necessary data-centric considerations or to communicate the design of data-centric driven ML systems. To address this gap, we propose DC-Check, an actionable checklist-style framework to elicit data-centric considerations at different stages of the ML pipeline: Data, Training, Testing, and Deployment. This data-centric lens on development aims to promote thoughtfulness and transparency prior to system development. Additionally, we highlight specific data-centric AI challenges and research opportunities. DC-Check is aimed at both practitioners and researchers to guide day-to-day development. As such, to easily engage with and use DC-Check and associated resources, we provide a DC-Check companion website (https://www.vanderschaar-lab.com/dc-check/). The website will also serve as an updated resource as methods and tooling evolve over time.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 86 of its 177 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Nov 2022.
Builds on
86 of 177 references.
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- 2023DMLR: Data-centric Machine Learning Research -- Past, Present and Futurecited by 11
- 2024Matchmaker: Self-Improving Large Language Model Programs for Schema Matchingcited by 9
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- 2022Data Leakage and Evaluation Issues in Micro-Expression Analysiscited by 7
- 2025OpenReview Should be Protected and Leveraged as a Community Asset for Research in the Era of Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2023When is Off-Policy Evaluation (Reward Modeling) Useful in Contextual Bandits? A Data-Centric Perspectivecited by 3
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- 2025End-to-End Data Quality-Driven Framework for Machine Learning in Production Environmentcited by 1
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- 2025OpenReview Should be Protected and Leveraged as a Community Asset for Research in the Era of Large Language Models24 May 2025
- 2025Towards deployment-centric multimodal AI beyond vision and language4 Apr 2025
- 2024Data-Centric Improvements for Enhancing Multi-Modal Understanding in Spoken Conversation Modeling20 Dec 2024
- 2024Unlocking Historical Clinical Trial Data with ALIGN: A Compositional Large Language Model System for Medical Coding20 Nov 2024
- 2024Matchmaker: Self-Improving Large Language Model Programs for Schema Matching31 Oct 2024
- 2024Context-Aware Testing: A New Paradigm for Model Testing with Large Language Models31 Oct 2024
- 2024You can't handle the (dirty) truth: Data-centric insights improve pseudo-labeling19 Jun 2024
- 2024AI Competitions and Benchmarks: Dataset Development15 Apr 2024
- 2023When is Off-Policy Evaluation (Reward Modeling) Useful in Contextual Bandits? A Data-Centric Perspective23 Nov 2023
2 more
- 2023DMLR: Data-centric Machine Learning Research -- Past, Present and Futurecited by 11
- 2024Context-Aware Testing: A New Paradigm for Model Testing with Large Language Modelscited by 8
- 2022Data Leakage and Evaluation Issues in Micro-Expression Analysiscited by 7
- 2025OpenReview Should be Protected and Leveraged as a Community Asset for Research in the Era of Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2024You can't handle the (dirty) truth: Data-centric insights improve pseudo-labelingcited by 3
- 2024Data-Centric Improvements for Enhancing Multi-Modal Understanding in Spoken Conversation Modelingcited by 3
- 2025Towards deployment-centric multimodal AI beyond vision and languagecited by 2
- 2025End-to-End Data Quality-Driven Framework for Machine Learning in Production Environmentcited by 1
- 2024AI Competitions and Benchmarks: Dataset Developmentcited by 0
- 2024Unlocking Historical Clinical Trial Data with ALIGN: A Compositional Large Language Model System for Medical Codingcited by 0
- 2025What's the next frontier for Data-centric AI? Data Savvy Agentscited by 0
- 2025Evaluation of AI Ethics Tools in Language Models: A Developers' Perspective Case Studycited by 0
- 2025End-to-End Data Quality-Driven Framework for Machine Learning in Production Environment16 Dec 2025
- 2025Evaluation of AI Ethics Tools in Language Models: A Developers' Perspective Case Study16 Dec 2025
- 2025What's the next frontier for Data-centric AI? Data Savvy Agents2 Nov 2025
- 2025OpenReview Should be Protected and Leveraged as a Community Asset for Research in the Era of Large Language Models24 May 2025
- 2025Towards deployment-centric multimodal AI beyond vision and language4 Apr 2025
- 2024Data-Centric Improvements for Enhancing Multi-Modal Understanding in Spoken Conversation Modeling20 Dec 2024
- 2024Unlocking Historical Clinical Trial Data with ALIGN: A Compositional Large Language Model System for Medical Coding20 Nov 2024
- 2024Context-Aware Testing: A New Paradigm for Model Testing with Large Language Models31 Oct 2024
- 2024You can't handle the (dirty) truth: Data-centric insights improve pseudo-labeling19 Jun 2024
- 2024AI Competitions and Benchmarks: Dataset Development15 Apr 2024
- 2023DMLR: Data-centric Machine Learning Research -- Past, Present and Future21 Nov 2023
- 2022Data Leakage and Evaluation Issues in Micro-Expression Analysis21 Nov 2022