4D Unsupervised Object Discovery
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Abstract (arXiv)
Object discovery is a core task in computer vision. While fast progresses have been made in supervised object detection, its unsupervised counterpart remains largely unexplored. With the growth of data volume, the expensive cost of annotations is the major limitation hindering further study. Therefore, discovering objects without annotations has great significance. However, this task seems impractical on still-image or point cloud alone due to the lack of discriminative information. Previous studies underlook the crucial temporal information and constraints naturally behind multi-modal inputs. In this paper, we propose 4D unsupervised object discovery, jointly discovering objects from 4D data -- 3D point clouds and 2D RGB images with temporal information. We present the first practical approach for this task by proposing a ClusterNet on 3D point clouds, which is jointly iteratively optimized with a 2D localization network. Extensive experiments on the large-scale Waymo Open Dataset suggest that the localization network and ClusterNet achieve competitive performance on both class-agnostic 2D object detection and 3D instance segmentation, bridging the gap between unsupervised methods and full supervised ones. Codes and models will be made available at https://github.com/Robertwyq/LSMOL.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 36 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Oct 2022.
Builds on
36 of 51 references.
References · 36
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
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- 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 11,979
- 2015Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networkscited by 9,617
- 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,482
- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,384
- 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,259
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- 2016PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentationcited by 5,223
- 2016Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detectioncited by 5,021
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24 more
- 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,436
- 2019FCOS: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detectioncited by 1,573
- 2016YOLO9000: Better, Faster, Strongercited by 1,429
- 2017VoxelNet: End-to-End Learning for Point Cloud Based 3D Object Detectioncited by 1,323
- 2019Objects as Pointscited by 1,172
- 2020Center-based 3D Object Detection and Trackingcited by 1,143
- 2017The 2017 DAVIS Challenge on Video Object Segmentationcited by 942
- 2018PointRCNN: 3D Object Proposal Generation and Detection from Point Cloudcited by 939
- 2019PV-RCNN: Point-Voxel Feature Set Abstraction for 3D Object Detectioncited by 890
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- 2021Scalable Scene Flow from Point Clouds in the Real Worldcited by 49
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 6; 2025: 6; 2026: 2.
18 papers.
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- 2024ICP-Flow: LiDAR Scene Flow Estimation with ICPcited by 34
- 2023Towards Unsupervised Object Detection From LiDAR Point Cloudscited by 22
- 2024LISO: Lidar-only Self-Supervised 3D Object Detectioncited by 22
- 2024UNION: Unsupervised 3D Object Detection using Object Appearance-based Pseudo-Classescited by 22
- 2023Banana: Banach Fixed-Point Network for Pointcloud Segmentation with Inter-Part Equivariancecited by 19
- 2023Reward Finetuning for Faster and More Accurate Unsupervised Object Discoverycited by 14
- 2025HiMo: High-Speed Objects Motion Compensation in Point Cloudscited by 11
- 2025VoteFlow: Enforcing Local Rigidity in Self-Supervised Scene Flowcited by 10
- 2024General Geometry-aware Weakly Supervised 3D Object Detectioncited by 7
- 2025Learning to Detect Objects from Multi-Agent LiDAR Scans without Manual Labelscited by 7
- 2024Label-Efficient 3D Object Detection For Road-Side Unitscited by 3
- 2024Vision-Language Guidance for LiDAR-based Unsupervised 3D Object Detectioncited by 3
6 more
- 2023Weakly Supervised 3D Object Detection with Multi-Stage Generalizationcited by 2
- 2025MonoSOWA: Scalable monocular 3D Object detector Without human Annotationscited by 2
- 2025xMOD: Cross-Modal Distillation for 2D/3D Multi-Object Discovery from 2D motioncited by 0
- 2025Object Concepts Emerge from Motioncited by 0
- 2026Unsupervised Multi-agent and Single-agent Perception from Cooperative Viewscited by 0
- 2026Object Concepts Emerge from Motioncited by 0
- 2026Object Concepts Emerge from Motion3 Sep 2026
- 2026Unsupervised Multi-agent and Single-agent Perception from Cooperative Views7 Apr 2026
- 2025Object Concepts Emerge from Motion27 May 2025
- 2025VoteFlow: Enforcing Local Rigidity in Self-Supervised Scene Flow28 Mar 2025
- 2025xMOD: Cross-Modal Distillation for 2D/3D Multi-Object Discovery from 2D motion19 Mar 2025
- 2025Learning to Detect Objects from Multi-Agent LiDAR Scans without Manual Labels11 Mar 2025
- 2025HiMo: High-Speed Objects Motion Compensation in Point Clouds2 Mar 2025
- 2025MonoSOWA: Scalable monocular 3D Object detector Without human Annotations16 Jan 2025
- 2024Vision-Language Guidance for LiDAR-based Unsupervised 3D Object Detection7 Aug 2024
- 2024General Geometry-aware Weakly Supervised 3D Object Detection18 Jul 2024
- 2024UNION: Unsupervised 3D Object Detection using Object Appearance-based Pseudo-Classes24 May 2024
- 2024Label-Efficient 3D Object Detection For Road-Side Units9 Apr 2024
6 more
- 2024LISO: Lidar-only Self-Supervised 3D Object Detection11 Mar 2024
- 2024ICP-Flow: LiDAR Scene Flow Estimation with ICP27 Feb 2024
- 2023Towards Unsupervised Object Detection From LiDAR Point Clouds3 Nov 2023
- 2023Reward Finetuning for Faster and More Accurate Unsupervised Object Discovery29 Oct 2023
- 2023Weakly Supervised 3D Object Detection with Multi-Stage Generalization8 Jun 2023
- 2023Banana: Banach Fixed-Point Network for Pointcloud Segmentation with Inter-Part Equivariance25 May 2023
- 2024ICP-Flow: LiDAR Scene Flow Estimation with ICPcited by 34
- 2023Towards Unsupervised Object Detection From LiDAR Point Cloudscited by 22
- 2024LISO: Lidar-only Self-Supervised 3D Object Detectioncited by 22
- 2024UNION: Unsupervised 3D Object Detection using Object Appearance-based Pseudo-Classescited by 22
- 2023Banana: Banach Fixed-Point Network for Pointcloud Segmentation with Inter-Part Equivariancecited by 19
- 2025HiMo: High-Speed Objects Motion Compensation in Point Cloudscited by 11
- 2025VoteFlow: Enforcing Local Rigidity in Self-Supervised Scene Flowcited by 10
- 2024General Geometry-aware Weakly Supervised 3D Object Detectioncited by 7
- 2025Learning to Detect Objects from Multi-Agent LiDAR Scans without Manual Labelscited by 7
- 2024Label-Efficient 3D Object Detection For Road-Side Unitscited by 3
- 2024Vision-Language Guidance for LiDAR-based Unsupervised 3D Object Detectioncited by 3
- 2023Weakly Supervised 3D Object Detection with Multi-Stage Generalizationcited by 2
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026Object Concepts Emerge from Motion3 Sep 2026
- 2026Unsupervised Multi-agent and Single-agent Perception from Cooperative Views7 Apr 2026
- 2025Object Concepts Emerge from Motion27 May 2025
- 2025VoteFlow: Enforcing Local Rigidity in Self-Supervised Scene Flow28 Mar 2025
- 2025xMOD: Cross-Modal Distillation for 2D/3D Multi-Object Discovery from 2D motion19 Mar 2025
- 2025Learning to Detect Objects from Multi-Agent LiDAR Scans without Manual Labels11 Mar 2025
- 2025HiMo: High-Speed Objects Motion Compensation in Point Clouds2 Mar 2025
- 2025MonoSOWA: Scalable monocular 3D Object detector Without human Annotations16 Jan 2025
- 2024Vision-Language Guidance for LiDAR-based Unsupervised 3D Object Detection7 Aug 2024
- 2024General Geometry-aware Weakly Supervised 3D Object Detection18 Jul 2024
- 2024UNION: Unsupervised 3D Object Detection using Object Appearance-based Pseudo-Classes24 May 2024
- 2024Label-Efficient 3D Object Detection For Road-Side Units9 Apr 2024
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)