MPIB: An MPI-Based Bokeh Rendering Framework for Realistic Partial Occlusion Effects
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Abstract (arXiv)
Partial occlusion effects are a phenomenon that blurry objects near a camera are semi-transparent, resulting in partial appearance of occluded background. However, it is challenging for existing bokeh rendering methods to simulate realistic partial occlusion effects due to the missing information of the occluded area in an all-in-focus image. Inspired by the learnable 3D scene representation, Multiplane Image (MPI), we attempt to address the partial occlusion by introducing a novel MPI-based high-resolution bokeh rendering framework, termed MPIB. To this end, we first present an analysis on how to apply the MPI representation to bokeh rendering. Based on this analysis, we propose an MPI representation module combined with a background inpainting module to implement high-resolution scene representation. This representation can then be reused to render various bokeh effects according to the controlling parameters. To train and test our model, we also design a ray-tracing-based bokeh generator for data generation. Extensive experiments on synthesized and real-world images validate the effectiveness and flexibility of this framework.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Jul 2022.
Builds on
26 of 52 references.
References · 26
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- 2021Vision Transformers for Dense Predictioncited by 1,789
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- 2021Resolution-robust Large Mask Inpainting with Fourier Convolutionscited by 730
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- 2018Free-Form Image Inpainting with Gated Convolutioncited by 594
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- 2020Softmax Splatting for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 276
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- 20203D Photography using Context-aware Layered Depth Inpaintingcited by 206
14 more
- 2019Pushing the Boundaries of View Extrapolation with Multiplane Imagescited by 191
- 2016View Synthesis by Appearance Flowcited by 172
- 2020Real-Time High-Resolution Background Mattingcited by 172
- 2021MINE: Towards Continuous Depth MPI with NeRF for Novel View Synthesiscited by 133
- 2020Rethinking Image Inpainting via a Mutual Encoder-Decoder with Feature Equalizationscited by 102
- 2016High-Resolution Image Inpainting using Multi-Scale Neural Patch Synthesiscited by 89
- 2018Synthetic Depth-of-Field with a Single-Camera Mobile Phonecited by 70
- 2020Rendering Natural Camera Bokeh Effect with Deep Learningcited by 57
- 2021Image Inpainting by End-to-End Cascaded Refinement with Mask Awarenesscited by 35
- 2019Synthetic Defocus and Look-Ahead Autofocus for Casual Videographycited by 28
- 2020AIM 2020 Challenge on Rendering Realistic Bokehcited by 26
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- 2020BGGAN: Bokeh-Glass Generative Adversarial Network for Rendering Realistic Bokehcited by 19
- 2021Stacked Deep Multi-Scale Hierarchical Network for Fast Bokeh Effect Rendering from a Single Imagecited by 18
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 4; 2025: 6; 2026: 4.
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- 2024Generative Photography: Scene-Consistent Camera Control for Realistic Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 26
- 20233D Cinemagraphy from a Single Imagecited by 23
- 2023Fast View Synthesis of Casual Videos with Soup-of-Planescited by 22
- 2023Make-It-4D: Synthesizing a Consistent Long-Term Dynamic Scene Video from a Single Imagecited by 19
- 2025Bokehlicious: Photorealistic Bokeh Rendering with Controllable Aperturescited by 10
- 2025BokehDiff: Neural Lens Blur with One-Step Diffusioncited by 8
- 2024Dynamic Neural Radiance Field From Defocused Monocular Videocited by 6
- 2024Self-Distilled Depth Refinement with Noisy Poisson Fusioncited by 4
- 2025BokehFlow: Depth-Free Controllable Bokeh Rendering via Flow Matchingcited by 3
- 2026The First Controllable Bokeh Rendering Challenge at NTIRE 2026cited by 2
- 2024Forecasting Future Videos from Novel Views via Disentangled 3D Scene Representationcited by 1
- 2025MP-Mat: A 3D-and-Instance-Aware Human Matting and Editing Framework with Multiplane Representationcited by 1
5 more
- 2025Any-to-Bokeh: Arbitrary-Subject Video Refocusing with Video Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2025Boosting Monocular Metric Depth Estimation via Bokeh Renderingcited by 0
- 2026Towards Photorealistic and Efficient Bokeh Rendering via Diffusion Frameworkcited by 0
- 2026AnyBokeh: Physics-Guided Any-to-Any Bokeh Editing with Optical Fingerprint Transfercited by 0
- 2026LensStyle: Learning the Optical Aesthetics for Controllable Stylized Lens Effect Renderingcited by 0
- 2026LensStyle: Learning the Optical Aesthetics for Controllable Stylized Lens Effect Rendering4 Sep 2026
- 2026AnyBokeh: Physics-Guided Any-to-Any Bokeh Editing with Optical Fingerprint Transfer30 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Photorealistic and Efficient Bokeh Rendering via Diffusion Framework8 May 2026
- 2026The First Controllable Bokeh Rendering Challenge at NTIRE 20266 May 2026
- 2025Boosting Monocular Metric Depth Estimation via Bokeh Rendering13 Dec 2025
- 2025BokehFlow: Depth-Free Controllable Bokeh Rendering via Flow Matching19 Nov 2025
- 2025BokehDiff: Neural Lens Blur with One-Step Diffusion24 Jul 2025
- 2025Any-to-Bokeh: Arbitrary-Subject Video Refocusing with Video Diffusion Model27 May 2025
- 2025MP-Mat: A 3D-and-Instance-Aware Human Matting and Editing Framework with Multiplane Representation20 Apr 2025
- 2025Bokehlicious: Photorealistic Bokeh Rendering with Controllable Apertures20 Mar 2025
- 2024Generative Photography: Scene-Consistent Camera Control for Realistic Text-to-Image Synthesis3 Dec 2024
- 2024Self-Distilled Depth Refinement with Noisy Poisson Fusion26 Sep 2024
5 more
- 2024Forecasting Future Videos from Novel Views via Disentangled 3D Scene Representation31 Jul 2024
- 2024Dynamic Neural Radiance Field From Defocused Monocular Video8 Jul 2024
- 2023Fast View Synthesis of Casual Videos with Soup-of-Planes4 Dec 2023
- 2023Make-It-4D: Synthesizing a Consistent Long-Term Dynamic Scene Video from a Single Image20 Aug 2023
- 20233D Cinemagraphy from a Single Image10 Mar 2023
- 2024Generative Photography: Scene-Consistent Camera Control for Realistic Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 26
- 20233D Cinemagraphy from a Single Imagecited by 23
- 2023Fast View Synthesis of Casual Videos with Soup-of-Planescited by 22
- 2023Make-It-4D: Synthesizing a Consistent Long-Term Dynamic Scene Video from a Single Imagecited by 19
- 2025Bokehlicious: Photorealistic Bokeh Rendering with Controllable Aperturescited by 10
- 2024Dynamic Neural Radiance Field From Defocused Monocular Videocited by 6
- 2024Self-Distilled Depth Refinement with Noisy Poisson Fusioncited by 4
- 2026The First Controllable Bokeh Rendering Challenge at NTIRE 2026cited by 2
- 2024Forecasting Future Videos from Novel Views via Disentangled 3D Scene Representationcited by 1
- 2025MP-Mat: A 3D-and-Instance-Aware Human Matting and Editing Framework with Multiplane Representationcited by 1
- 2025Boosting Monocular Metric Depth Estimation via Bokeh Renderingcited by 0
- 2026Towards Photorealistic and Efficient Bokeh Rendering via Diffusion Frameworkcited by 0
12 most cited of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2026LensStyle: Learning the Optical Aesthetics for Controllable Stylized Lens Effect Rendering4 Sep 2026
- 2026AnyBokeh: Physics-Guided Any-to-Any Bokeh Editing with Optical Fingerprint Transfer30 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Photorealistic and Efficient Bokeh Rendering via Diffusion Framework8 May 2026
- 2026The First Controllable Bokeh Rendering Challenge at NTIRE 20266 May 2026
- 2025Boosting Monocular Metric Depth Estimation via Bokeh Rendering13 Dec 2025
- 2025MP-Mat: A 3D-and-Instance-Aware Human Matting and Editing Framework with Multiplane Representation20 Apr 2025
- 2025Bokehlicious: Photorealistic Bokeh Rendering with Controllable Apertures20 Mar 2025
- 2024Generative Photography: Scene-Consistent Camera Control for Realistic Text-to-Image Synthesis3 Dec 2024
- 2024Self-Distilled Depth Refinement with Noisy Poisson Fusion26 Sep 2024
- 2024Forecasting Future Videos from Novel Views via Disentangled 3D Scene Representation31 Jul 2024
- 2024Dynamic Neural Radiance Field From Defocused Monocular Video8 Jul 2024
- 2023Fast View Synthesis of Casual Videos with Soup-of-Planes4 Dec 2023
12 newest of 14 All 14 (JSON)