Multi-Task Retrieval-Augmented Text Generation with Relevance Sampling
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → RAG robustness and adaptive retrieval
Abstract (arXiv)
This paper studies multi-task training of retrieval-augmented generation models for knowledge-intensive tasks. We propose to clean the training set by utilizing a distinct property of knowledge-intensive generation: The connection of query-answer pairs to items in the knowledge base. We filter training examples via a threshold of confidence on the relevance labels, whether a pair is answerable by the knowledge base or not. We train a single Fusion-in-Decoder (FiD) generator on seven combined tasks of the KILT benchmark. The experimental results suggest that our simple yet effective approach substantially improves competitive baselines on two strongly imbalanced tasks; and shows either smaller improvements or no significant regression on the remaining tasks. Furthermore, we demonstrate our multi-task training with relevance label sampling scales well with increased model capacity and achieves state-of-the-art results in five out of seven KILT tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in RAG robustness and adaptive retrieval, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 29 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Jul 2022.
Builds on
29 of 34 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2021Evidentiality-guided Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks16 Dec
- 2021End-to-End Training of Multi-Document Reader and Retriever for Open-Domain Question Answering9 Jun
Other references · 27
- 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
- 2019BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehensioncited by 5,874
- 2020Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answeringcited by 3,779
- 2018HotpotQA: A Dataset for Diverse, Explainable Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 3,686
- 2017TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehensioncited by 2,895
- 2020REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Trainingcited by 2,126
- 2016MS MARCO: A Human Generated MAchine Reading COmprehension Datasetcited by 1,591
- 2018FEVER: a large-scale dataset for Fact Extraction and VERificationcited by 1,362
- 2021BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Modelscited by 1,225
- 2020Leveraging Passage Retrieval with Generative Models for Open Domain Question Answeringcited by 1,203
- 2018Adafactor: Adaptive Learning Rates with Sublinear Memory Costcited by 896
15 more
- 2020KILT: a Benchmark for Knowledge Intensive Language Taskscited by 571
- 2018Wizard of Wikipedia: Knowledge-Powered Conversational agentscited by 530
- 2020UnifiedQA: Crossing Format Boundaries With a Single QA Systemcited by 475
- 2021Large Dual Encoders Are Generalizable Retrieverscited by 454
- 2017Zero-Shot Relation Extraction via Reading Comprehensioncited by 425
- 2021PAQ: 65 Million Probably-Asked Questions and What You Can Do With Themcited by 198
- 2022Autoregressive Search Engines: Generating Substrings as Document Identifierscited by 112
- 2021The Web Is Your Oyster - Knowledge-Intensive NLP against a Very Large Web Corpuscited by 60
- 2022Retrieval-Enhanced Machine Learningcited by 46
- 2021Multi-task Retrieval for Knowledge-Intensive Taskscited by 44
- 2021Hindsight: Posterior-guided training of retrievers for improved open-ended generationcited by 38
- 2021R2-D2: A Modular Baseline for Open-Domain Question Answeringcited by 37
- 2021Robust Retrieval Augmented Generation for Zero-shot Slot Fillingcited by 24
- 2021TREC Deep Learning Track: Reusable Test Collections in the Large Data Regimecited by 23
- 2022Introducing Neural Bag of Whole-Words with ColBERTer: Contextualized Late Interactions using Enhanced Reductioncited by 21
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 3; 2024: 2; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
10 papers.
- 2022Atlas: Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Modelscited by 940
- 2022FiD-Light: Efficient and Effective Retrieval-Augmented Text Generationcited by 63
- 2025Chain-of-Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 48
- 2024Stochastic RAG: End-to-End Retrieval-Augmented Generation through Expected Utility Maximizationcited by 29
- 2022QUILL: Query Intent with Large Language Models using Retrieval Augmentation and Multi-stage Distillationcited by 21
- 2023GripRank: Bridging the Gap between Retrieval and Generation via the Generative Knowledge Improved Passage Rankingcited by 11
- 2023GLIMMER: generalized late-interaction memory rerankercited by 7
- 2024Where is the answer? Investigating Positional Bias in Language Model Knowledge Extractioncited by 6
- 2023MEMORY-VQ: Compression for Tractable Internet-Scale Memorycited by 1
- 2026Beyond Relevance: Utility-Centric Retrieval in the LLM Eracited by 0
- 2026Beyond Relevance: Utility-Centric Retrieval in the LLM Era10 Apr 2026
- 2025Chain-of-Retrieval Augmented Generation24 Jan 2025
- 2024Stochastic RAG: End-to-End Retrieval-Augmented Generation through Expected Utility Maximization5 May 2024
- 2024Where is the answer? Investigating Positional Bias in Language Model Knowledge Extraction16 Feb 2024
- 2023MEMORY-VQ: Compression for Tractable Internet-Scale Memory28 Aug 2023
- 2023GLIMMER: generalized late-interaction memory reranker17 Jun 2023
- 2023GripRank: Bridging the Gap between Retrieval and Generation via the Generative Knowledge Improved Passage Ranking29 May 2023
- 2022QUILL: Query Intent with Large Language Models using Retrieval Augmentation and Multi-stage Distillation27 Oct 2022
- 2022FiD-Light: Efficient and Effective Retrieval-Augmented Text Generation28 Sep 2022
- 2022Atlas: Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Models5 Aug 2022
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2022KGI: An Integrated Framework for Knowledge Intensive Language Tasks
- 2023Retrieval-Generation Synergy Augmented Large Language Models
- 2025RAG-RL: Advancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation via RL and Curriculum Learning
- 2025ImpRAG: Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Implicit Queries
- 2025Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Comprehensive Survey of Architectures, Enhancements, and Robustness Frontiers
- 2024E2E-AFG: An End-to-End Model with Adaptive Filtering for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
- 2025Direct Retrieval-augmented Optimization: Synergizing Knowledge Selection and Language Models
- 2025MMKB-RAG: A Multi-Modal Knowledge-Based Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework