ParaCotta: Synthetic Multilingual Paraphrase Corpora from the Most Diverse Translation Sample Pair
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Abstract (arXiv)
We release our synthetic parallel paraphrase corpus across 17 languages: Arabic, Catalan, Czech, German, English, Spanish, Estonian, French, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Dutch, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, Vietnamese, and Chinese. Our method relies only on monolingual data and a neural machine translation system to generate paraphrases, hence simple to apply. We generate multiple translation samples using beam search and choose the most lexically diverse pair according to their sentence BLEU. We compare our generated corpus with the textttParaBank2. According to our evaluation, our synthetic paraphrase pairs are semantically similar and lexically diverse.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 11 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 May 2022.
Builds on
11 of 29 references.
References · 11
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2018SentencePiece: A simple and language independent subword tokenizer and detokenizer for Neural Text Processingcited by 1,973
- 2018A Call for Clarity in Reporting BLEU Scorescited by 1,790
- 2020Making Monolingual Sentence Embeddings Multilingual using Knowledge Distillationcited by 591
- 2018Marian: Fast Neural Machine Translation in C++cited by 202
- 2020Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation in Many Languages via Zero-Shot Paraphrasingcited by 114
- 2021Beyond Fair Pay: Ethical Implications of NLP Crowdsourcingcited by 52
- 2017Learning to Paraphrase for Question Answeringcited by 46
- 2017ParaNMT-50M: Pushing the Limits of Paraphrastic Sentence Embeddings with Millions of Machine Translationscited by 44
- 2020Paraphrase Augmented Task-Oriented Dialog Generationcited by 43
- 2019ParaBank: Monolingual Bitext Generation and Sentential Paraphrasing via Lexically-constrained Neural Machine Translationcited by 38
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 0; 2024: 2; 2025: 2.
6 papers.
- 2022T5Score: Discriminative Fine-tuning of Generative Evaluation Metricscited by 18
- 2024Toward Informal Language Processing: Knowledge of Slang in Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2025A survey of diversity quantification in natural language processing: The why, what, where and howcited by 4
- 2022NusaCrowd: A Call for Open and Reproducible NLP Research in Indonesian Languagescited by 2
- 2024Retrieve, Generate, Evaluate: A Case Study for Medical Paraphrases Generation with Small Language Modelscited by 0
- 2025MahaParaphrase: A Marathi Paraphrase Detection Corpus and BERT-based Modelscited by 0
- 2025MahaParaphrase: A Marathi Paraphrase Detection Corpus and BERT-based Models24 Aug 2025
- 2025A survey of diversity quantification in natural language processing: The why, what, where and how28 Jul 2025
- 2024Retrieve, Generate, Evaluate: A Case Study for Medical Paraphrases Generation with Small Language Models23 Jul 2024
- 2024Toward Informal Language Processing: Knowledge of Slang in Large Language Models2 Apr 2024
- 2022T5Score: Discriminative Fine-tuning of Generative Evaluation Metrics12 Dec 2022
- 2022NusaCrowd: A Call for Open and Reproducible NLP Research in Indonesian Languages21 Jul 2022