WEDGE: Web-Image Assisted Domain Generalization for Semantic Segmentation
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Domain generalization for semantic segmentation is highly demanded in real applications, where a trained model is expected to work well in previously unseen domains. One challenge lies in the lack of data which could cover the diverse distributions of the possible unseen domains for training. In this paper, we propose a WEb-image assisted Domain GEneralization (WEDGE) scheme, which is the first to exploit the diversity of web-crawled images for generalizable semantic segmentation. To explore and exploit the real-world data distributions, we collect web-crawled images which present large diversity in terms of weather conditions, sites, lighting, camera styles, etc. We also present a method which injects styles of the web-crawled images into training images on-the-fly during training, which enables the network to experience images of diverse styles with reliable labels for effective training. Moreover, we use the web-crawled images with their predicted pseudo labels for training to further enhance the capability of the network. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method clearly outperforms existing domain generalization techniques.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 41 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Sep 2021.
Builds on
41 of 56 references.
References · 41
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2014Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognitioncited by 15,267
- 2016The Cityscapes Dataset for Semantic Urban Scene Understandingcited by 4,427
- 2016DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFscited by 3,239
- 2016Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolutioncited by 2,678
- 2017Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalizationcited by 1,998
- 2018BDD100K: A Diverse Driving Dataset for Heterogeneous Multitask Learningcited by 1,282
- 2017CyCADA: Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Domain Adaptationcited by 1,079
- 2017Deeper, Broader and Artier Domain Generalizationcited by 983
- 2016Playing for Data: Ground Truth from Computer Gamescited by 816
- 2017Learning to Generalize: Meta-Learning for Domain Generalizationcited by 762
- 2018ADVENT: Adversarial Entropy Minimization for Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentationcited by 623
29 more
- 2013Domain Generalization via Invariant Feature Representationcited by 622
- 2018Learning to Adapt Structured Output Space for Semantic Segmentationcited by 584
- 2021Domain Generalization with MixStylecited by 563
- 2019Confidence Regularized Self-Trainingcited by 418
- 2018Two at Once: Enhancing Learning and Generalization Capacities via IBN-Netcited by 361
- 2019Bidirectional Learning for Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentationcited by 308
- 2018Taking A Closer Look at Domain Shift: Category-level Adversaries for Semantics Consistent Domain Adaptationcited by 295
- 2019Domain Randomization and Pyramid Consistency: Simulation-to-Real Generalization without Accessing Target Domain Datacited by 245
- 2016FCNs in the Wild: Pixel-level Adversarial and Constraint-based Adaptationcited by 242
- 2020Swapping Autoencoder for Deep Image Manipulationcited by 215
- 2021RobustNet: Improving Domain Generalization in Urban-Scene Segmentation via Instance Selective Whiteningcited by 213
- 2020Unsupervised Intra-domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation through Self-Supervisioncited by 198
- 2018Arbitrary Style Transfer with Style-Attentional Networkscited by 197
- 2019U-GAT-IT: Unsupervised Generative Attentional Networks with Adaptive Layer-Instance Normalization for Image-to-Image Translationcited by 186
- 2021AdaAttN: Revisit Attention Mechanism in Arbitrary Neural Style Transfercited by 178
- 2021FSDR: Frequency Space Domain Randomization for Domain Generalizationcited by 163
- 2020Learning Texture Invariant Representation for Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentationcited by 153
- 2019Domain Adaptation for Structured Output via Discriminative Patch Representationscited by 150
- 2017Curriculum Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenescited by 105
- 2015Webly Supervised Learning of Convolutional Networkscited by 95
- 2018Batch-Instance Normalization for Adaptively Style-Invariant Neural Networkscited by 77
- 2020Pixel-Level Cycle Association: A New Perspective for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 58
- 2016Learning Attributes Equals Multi-Source Domain Generalizationcited by 44
- 2017Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation using Web-Crawled Videoscited by 38
- 2019Reducing Domain Gap by Reducing Style Biascited by 35
- 2020Automated Synthetic-to-Real Generalizationcited by 35
- 2020Manifold Alignment for Semantically Aligned Style Transfercited by 34
- 2019Segmentations-Leak: Membership Inference Attacks and Defenses in Semantic Image Segmentationcited by 29
- 2019Frame-to-Frame Aggregation of Active Regions in Web Videos for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 18
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 10; 2024: 2; 2025: 7; 2026: 1.
25 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023Stronger, Fewer, & Superior: Harnessing Vision Foundation Models for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentationcited by 82
- 2022PASTA: Proportional Amplitude Spectrum Training Augmentation for Syn-to-Real Domain Generalizationcited by 38
- 2023Prompting Diffusion Representations for Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentationcited by 30
- 2023Generalization by Adaptation: Diffusion-Based Domain Extension for Domain-Generalized Semantic Segmentationcited by 27
- 2022Cross-Domain Ensemble Distillation for Domain Generalizationcited by 21
- 2023Strong but simple: A Baseline for Domain Generalized Dense Perception by CLIP-based Transfer Learningcited by 20
- 2022Intra-Source Style Augmentation for Improved Domain Generalizationcited by 17
- 2023MRFP: Learning Generalizable Semantic Segmentation from Sim-2-Real with Multi-Resolution Feature Perturbationcited by 11
- 2023Augmentation-based Domain Generalization for Semantic Segmentationcited by 10
- 2023Similarity Min-Max: Zero-Shot Day-Night Domain Adaptationcited by 10
- 2023Intra- & Extra-Source Exemplar-Based Style Synthesis for Improved Domain Generalizationcited by 7
- 2023IBAFormer: Intra-batch Attention Transformer for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentationcited by 6
13 more
- 2025FedEMA: Federated Exponential Moving Averaging with Negative Entropy Regularizer in Autonomous Drivingcited by 5
- 2024Learning to Detour: Shortcut Mitigating Augmentation for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 4
- 2025Enhancing Large Vision Model in Street Scene Semantic Understanding through Leveraging Posterior Optimization Trajectorycited by 4
- 2022False Negative Reduction in Semantic Segmentation under Domain Shift using Depth Estimationcited by 3
- 2022One-Shot Domain Adaptive and Generalizable Semantic Segmentation with Class-Aware Cross-Domain Transformerscited by 3
- 2025Let Synthetic Data Shine: Domain Reassembly and Soft-Fusion for Single Domain Generalizationcited by 2
- 2023Learning to Augment: Hallucinating Data for Domain Generalized Segmentationcited by 0
- 2024A Study on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation in the Era of Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2025Memory-Modular Classification: Learning to Generalize with Memory Replacementcited by 0
- 2025Domain Generalization for Semantic Segmentation: A Surveycited by 0
- 2025FedDSR: Federated Deep Supervision and Regularization Towards Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2025Test-Time Modification: Inverse Domain Transformation for Robust Perceptioncited by 0
- 2026Evaluation of Randomization through Style Transfer for Enhanced Domain Generalizationcited by 0
- 2026Evaluation of Randomization through Style Transfer for Enhanced Domain Generalization7 Apr 2026
- 2025Test-Time Modification: Inverse Domain Transformation for Robust Perception15 Dec 2025
- 2025FedDSR: Federated Deep Supervision and Regularization Towards Autonomous Driving7 Dec 2025
- 2025Domain Generalization for Semantic Segmentation: A Survey3 Oct 2025
- 2025FedEMA: Federated Exponential Moving Averaging with Negative Entropy Regularizer in Autonomous Driving1 May 2025
- 2025Memory-Modular Classification: Learning to Generalize with Memory Replacement8 Apr 2025
- 2025Let Synthetic Data Shine: Domain Reassembly and Soft-Fusion for Single Domain Generalization17 Mar 2025
- 2025Enhancing Large Vision Model in Street Scene Semantic Understanding through Leveraging Posterior Optimization Trajectory3 Jan 2025
- 2024A Study on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation in the Era of Vision-Language Models25 Nov 2024
- 2024Learning to Detour: Shortcut Mitigating Augmentation for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation28 May 2024
- 2023Stronger, Fewer, & Superior: Harnessing Vision Foundation Models for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentation7 Dec 2023
- 2023Strong but simple: A Baseline for Domain Generalized Dense Perception by CLIP-based Transfer Learning4 Dec 2023
13 more
- 2023Generalization by Adaptation: Diffusion-Based Domain Extension for Domain-Generalized Semantic Segmentation4 Dec 2023
- 2023MRFP: Learning Generalizable Semantic Segmentation from Sim-2-Real with Multi-Resolution Feature Perturbation30 Nov 2023
- 2023IBAFormer: Intra-batch Attention Transformer for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentation12 Sep 2023
- 2023Similarity Min-Max: Zero-Shot Day-Night Domain Adaptation17 Jul 2023
- 2023Prompting Diffusion Representations for Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentation5 Jul 2023
- 2023Learning to Augment: Hallucinating Data for Domain Generalized Segmentation4 Jul 2023
- 2023Intra- & Extra-Source Exemplar-Based Style Synthesis for Improved Domain Generalization2 Jul 2023
- 2023Augmentation-based Domain Generalization for Semantic Segmentation24 Apr 2023
- 2022One-Shot Domain Adaptive and Generalizable Semantic Segmentation with Class-Aware Cross-Domain Transformers14 Dec 2022
- 2022PASTA: Proportional Amplitude Spectrum Training Augmentation for Syn-to-Real Domain Generalization2 Dec 2022
- 2022Cross-Domain Ensemble Distillation for Domain Generalization25 Nov 2022
- 2022Intra-Source Style Augmentation for Improved Domain Generalization18 Oct 2022
- 2022False Negative Reduction in Semantic Segmentation under Domain Shift using Depth Estimation7 Jul 2022
- 2023Stronger, Fewer, & Superior: Harnessing Vision Foundation Models for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentationcited by 82
- 2022PASTA: Proportional Amplitude Spectrum Training Augmentation for Syn-to-Real Domain Generalizationcited by 38
- 2023Generalization by Adaptation: Diffusion-Based Domain Extension for Domain-Generalized Semantic Segmentationcited by 27
- 2022Cross-Domain Ensemble Distillation for Domain Generalizationcited by 21
- 2022Intra-Source Style Augmentation for Improved Domain Generalizationcited by 17
- 2023MRFP: Learning Generalizable Semantic Segmentation from Sim-2-Real with Multi-Resolution Feature Perturbationcited by 11
- 2023Augmentation-based Domain Generalization for Semantic Segmentationcited by 10
- 2023Similarity Min-Max: Zero-Shot Day-Night Domain Adaptationcited by 10
- 2023Intra- & Extra-Source Exemplar-Based Style Synthesis for Improved Domain Generalizationcited by 7
- 2023IBAFormer: Intra-batch Attention Transformer for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentationcited by 6
- 2025FedEMA: Federated Exponential Moving Averaging with Negative Entropy Regularizer in Autonomous Drivingcited by 5
- 2024Learning to Detour: Shortcut Mitigating Augmentation for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 4
12 most cited of 22 All 22 (JSON)
- 2026Evaluation of Randomization through Style Transfer for Enhanced Domain Generalization7 Apr 2026
- 2025Test-Time Modification: Inverse Domain Transformation for Robust Perception15 Dec 2025
- 2025FedDSR: Federated Deep Supervision and Regularization Towards Autonomous Driving7 Dec 2025
- 2025Domain Generalization for Semantic Segmentation: A Survey3 Oct 2025
- 2025FedEMA: Federated Exponential Moving Averaging with Negative Entropy Regularizer in Autonomous Driving1 May 2025
- 2025Memory-Modular Classification: Learning to Generalize with Memory Replacement8 Apr 2025
- 2025Let Synthetic Data Shine: Domain Reassembly and Soft-Fusion for Single Domain Generalization17 Mar 2025
- 2025Enhancing Large Vision Model in Street Scene Semantic Understanding through Leveraging Posterior Optimization Trajectory3 Jan 2025
- 2024Learning to Detour: Shortcut Mitigating Augmentation for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation28 May 2024
- 2023Stronger, Fewer, & Superior: Harnessing Vision Foundation Models for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentation7 Dec 2023
- 2023Generalization by Adaptation: Diffusion-Based Domain Extension for Domain-Generalized Semantic Segmentation4 Dec 2023
- 2023MRFP: Learning Generalizable Semantic Segmentation from Sim-2-Real with Multi-Resolution Feature Perturbation30 Nov 2023
12 newest of 22 All 22 (JSON)