mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Weakly Supervised Contrastive Learning for Chest X-Ray Report Generation

arXiv 2109.12242 ↗First posted 25 Sep 2021cs.CLcited by 41

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Radiology report generation aims at generating descriptive text from radiology images automatically, which may present an opportunity to improve radiology reporting and interpretation. A typical setting consists of training encoder-decoder models on image-report pairs with a cross entropy loss, which struggles to generate informative sentences for clinical diagnoses since normal findings dominate the datasets. To tackle this challenge and encourage more clinically-accurate text outputs, we propose a novel weakly supervised contrastive loss for medical report generation. Experimental results demonstrate that our method benefits from contrasting target reports with incorrect but semantically-close ones. It outperforms previous work on both clinical correctness and text generation metrics for two public benchmarks.

Key facts. Cited by 41 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Sep 2021.

Builds on

26 of 33 references.

References · 26

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
  3. 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 12,049
  4. 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,777
  5. 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,513
  6. 2019The Curious Case of Neural Text Degenerationcited by 2,916
  7. 2020Supervised Contrastive Learningcited by 2,829
  8. 2015Show, Attend and Tell: Neural Image Caption Generation with Visual Attentioncited by 1,423
  9. 2019CheXpert: A Large Chest Radiograph Dataset with Uncertainty Labels and Expert Comparisoncited by 1,423
  10. 2017Bottom-Up and Top-Down Attention for Image Captioning and Visual Question Answeringcited by 1,312
  11. 2014Show and Tell: A Neural Image Caption Generatorcited by 879
  12. 2019MIMIC-CXR-JPG, a large publicly available database of labeled chest radiographscited by 597
14 more
  1. 2015Sequence Level Training with Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 576
  2. 2020Generating Radiology Reports via Memory-driven Transformercited by 368
  3. 2020CheXbert: Combining Automatic Labelers and Expert Annotations for Accurate Radiology Report Labeling Using BERTcited by 337
  4. 2017On the Automatic Generation of Medical Imaging Reportscited by 216
  5. 2018Hybrid Retrieval-Generation Reinforced Agent for Medical Image Report Generationcited by 141
  6. 2019Clinically Accurate Chest X-Ray Report Generationcited by 139
  7. 2019Knowledge-driven Encode, Retrieve, Paraphrase for Medical Image Report Generationcited by 102
  8. 2020Show, Describe and Conclude: On Exploiting the Structure Information of Chest X-Ray Reportscited by 58
  9. 2020Contrastive Learning with Adversarial Perturbations for Conditional Text Generationcited by 56
  10. 2017Contrastive Learning for Image Captioningcited by 54
  11. 2020Learning Visual-Semantic Embeddings for Reporting Abnormal Findings on Chest X-rayscited by 18
  12. 2019Addressing Data Bias Problems for Chest X-ray Image Report Generationcited by 14
  13. 2018Large Margin Neural Language Modelcited by 12
  14. 2014Contrastive Unsupervised Word Alignment with Non-Local Featurescited by 11

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 6; 2023: 15; 2024: 5; 2025: 9; 2026: 6.

41 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2022Transformers in Medical Imaging: A Surveycited by 245
  2. 2023Dynamic Graph Enhanced Contrastive Learning for Chest X-ray Report Generationcited by 118
  3. 2023PromptMRG: Diagnosis-Driven Prompts for Medical Report Generationcited by 95
  4. 2023Advances in Medical Image Analysis with Vision Transformers: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 62
  5. 2024Automated Radiology Report Generation: A Review of Recent Advancescited by 43
  6. 2023Robust and Interpretable Medical Image Classifiers via Concept Bottleneck Modelscited by 40
  7. 2023Multimodal Image-Text Matching Improves Retrieval-based Chest X-Ray Report Generationcited by 37
  8. 2024CXPMRG-Bench: Pre-training and Benchmarking for X-ray Medical Report Generation on CheXpert Plus Datasetcited by 35
  9. 2022Personalized Showcases: Generating Multi-Modal Explanations for Recommendationscited by 30
  10. 2022Visualize Before You Write: Imagination-Guided Open-Ended Text Generationcited by 30
  11. 2023Longitudinal Data and a Semantic Similarity Reward for Chest X-Ray Report Generationcited by 24
  12. 2023MedEval: A Multi-Level, Multi-Task, and Multi-Domain Medical Benchmark for Language Model Evaluationcited by 19
29 more
  1. 2023ChatRadio-Valuer: A Chat Large Language Model for Generalizable Radiology Report Generation Based on Multi-institution and Multi-system Datacited by 14
  2. 2023A Systematic Review of Deep Learning-based Research on Radiology Report Generationcited by 14
  3. 2025Boosting Vision Semantic Density with Anatomy Normality Modeling for Medical Vision-language Pre-trainingcited by 14
  4. 2024LLM-RG4: Flexible and Factual Radiology Report Generation across Diverse Input Contextscited by 13
  5. 2023Consensus, dissensus and synergy between clinicians and specialist foundation models in radiology report generationcited by 12
  6. 2024X-ray Made Simple: Lay Radiology Report Generation and Robust Evaluationcited by 10
  7. 2025A Chain of Diagnosis Framework for Accurate and Explainable Radiology Report Generationcited by 7
  8. 2022FlexR: Few-shot Classification with Language Embeddings for Structured Reporting of Chest X-rayscited by 5
  9. 2025A Disease-Aware Dual-Stage Framework for Chest X-ray Report Generationcited by 5
  10. 2023Domain-adapted large language models for classifying nuclear medicine reportscited by 4
  11. 2025LLM-driven Medical Report Generation via Communication-efficient Heterogeneous Federated Learningcited by 4
  12. 2025R2GenKG: Hierarchical Multi-modal Knowledge Graph for LLM-based Radiology Report Generationcited by 4
  13. 2025Natural Language Generation in Healthcare: A Review of Methods and Applicationscited by 3
  14. 2025Self-Supervised Anatomical Consistency Learning for Vision-Grounded Medical Report Generationcited by 3
  15. 2022Label Structure Preserving Contrastive Embedding for Multi-Label Learning with Missing Labelscited by 2
  16. 2022Contrastive Learning enhanced Author-Style Headline Generationcited by 2
  17. 2023MvCo-DoT:Multi-View Contrastive Domain Transfer Network for Medical Report Generationcited by 2
  18. 2023"Nothing Abnormal": Disambiguating Medical Reports via Contrastive Knowledge Infusioncited by 2
  19. 2024See Detail Say Clear: Towards Brain CT Report Generation via Pathological Clue-driven Representation Learningcited by 2
  20. 2025OraPO: Oracle-educated Reinforcement Learning for Data-efficient and Factual Radiology Report Generationcited by 1
  21. 2026Not All Tokens Matter Equally: Dynamic In-context Vector Distillation with Decisive-Token Supervision for Long-form Medical Report Generationcited by 1
  22. 2023C^2M-DoT: Cross-modal consistent multi-view medical report generation with domain transfer networkcited by 0
  23. 2023RaDialog: A Large Vision-Language Model for Radiology Report Generation and Conversational Assistancecited by 0
  24. 2025Artificially Generated Visual Scanpath Improves Multi-label Thoracic Disease Classification in Chest X-Ray Imagescited by 0
  25. 2026Rethinking the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning for Radiology Report Generationcited by 0
  26. 2026The Double Dilemma in Multi-Task Radiology Report Generation: A Gradient Dynamics Analysis and Solutioncited by 0
  27. 2026MAC-RRG: Iterative Multi-Agent Collaboration for X-ray Radiology Report Generationcited by 0
  28. 2026Homogeneous Semantic Alignment and Hierarchical Expert Routing for Radiology Report Generationcited by 0
  29. 2026Pre-training, Reasoning, Benchmarking: X-ray Report Generation on CheXpert Plus Datasetcited by 0