Augmenting BERT-style Models with Predictive Coding to Improve Discourse-level Representations
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Abstract (arXiv)
Current language models are usually trained using a self-supervised scheme, where the main focus is learning representations at the word or sentence level. However, there has been limited progress in generating useful discourse-level representations. In this work, we propose to use ideas from predictive coding theory to augment BERT-style language models with a mechanism that allows them to learn suitable discourse-level representations. As a result, our proposed approach is able to predict future sentences using explicit top-down connections that operate at the intermediate layers of the network. By experimenting with benchmarks designed to evaluate discourse-related knowledge using pre-trained sentence representations, we demonstrate that our approach improves performance in 6 out of 11 tasks by excelling in discourse relationship detection.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Sep 2021.
Builds on
18 of 33 references.
References · 18
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6 more
- 2018Deep Predictive Coding Network with Local Recurrent Processing for Object Recognitioncited by 25
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 2; 2024: 1; 2025: 1.
5 papers.
- 2023Brain-inspired Computational Intelligence via Predictive Codingcited by 30
- 2022Evaluation Benchmarks for Spanish Sentence Representationscited by 6
- 2025A Review of Incorporating Psychological Theories in LLMscited by 5
- 2023A Memory Model for Question Answering from Streaming Data Supported by Rehearsal and Anticipation of Coreference Informationcited by 2
- 2024Learning to Plan Long-Term for Language Modelingcited by 1
- 2025A Review of Incorporating Psychological Theories in LLMs28 Mar 2025
- 2024Learning to Plan Long-Term for Language Modeling23 Aug 2024
- 2023Brain-inspired Computational Intelligence via Predictive Coding15 Aug 2023
- 2023A Memory Model for Question Answering from Streaming Data Supported by Rehearsal and Anticipation of Coreference Information12 May 2023
- 2022Evaluation Benchmarks for Spanish Sentence Representations15 Apr 2022