Normalization Matters in Weakly Supervised Object Localization
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Weakly-supervised object localization (WSOL) enables finding an object using a dataset without any localization information. By simply training a classification model using only image-level annotations, the feature map of the model can be utilized as a score map for localization. In spite of many WSOL methods proposing novel strategies, there has not been any de facto standard about how to normalize the class activation map (CAM). Consequently, many WSOL methods have failed to fully exploit their own capacity because of the misuse of a normalization method. In this paper, we review many existing normalization methods and point out that they should be used according to the property of the given dataset. Additionally, we propose a new normalization method which substantially enhances the performance of any CAM-based WSOL methods. Using the proposed normalization method, we provide a comprehensive evaluation over three datasets (CUB, ImageNet and OpenImages) on three different architectures and observe significant performance gains over the conventional min-max normalization method in all the evaluated cases.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Jul 2021.
Builds on
26 of 34 references.
References · 26
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14 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 7; 2023: 7; 2024: 2; 2025: 1.
19 papers.
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- 2022Bridging the Gap between Classification and Localization for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 25
- 2021Background Activation Suppression for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 22
- 2023MCTformer+: Multi-Class Token Transformer for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 22
- 2022CREAM: Weakly Supervised Object Localization via Class RE-Activation Mappingcited by 21
- 2023Background Activation Suppression for Weakly Supervised Object Localization and Semantic Segmentationcited by 17
- 2022Weakly Supervised Object Localization as Domain Adaptioncited by 16
- 2022Discriminative Sampling of Proposals in Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 13
- 2022Anti-Adversarially Manipulated Attributions for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation and Object Localizationcited by 12
- 2022On Label Granularity and Object Localizationcited by 12
- 2022Bagging Regional Classification Activation Maps for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 9
- 2023DiPS: Discriminative Pseudo-Label Sampling with Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 8
- 2023Spatial-Aware Token for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 7
7 more
- 2021Background-aware Classification Activation Map for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 6
- 2024MICAS: Multi-grained In-Context Adaptive Sampling for 3D Point Cloud Processingcited by 5
- 2023Knowledge-guided Causal Intervention for Weakly-supervised Object Localizationcited by 4
- 2023Counterfactual Co-occurring Learning for Bias Mitigation in Weakly-supervised Object Localizationcited by 3
- 2023Open-World Weakly-Supervised Object Localizationcited by 2
- 2024Improving Weakly-Supervised Object Localization Using Adversarial Erasing and Pseudo Labelcited by 2
- 2025Region-CAM: Towards Accurate Object Regions in Class Activation Maps for Weakly Supervised Learning Taskscited by 0
- 2025Region-CAM: Towards Accurate Object Regions in Class Activation Maps for Weakly Supervised Learning Tasks29 Oct 2025
- 2024MICAS: Multi-grained In-Context Adaptive Sampling for 3D Point Cloud Processing25 Nov 2024
- 2024Improving Weakly-Supervised Object Localization Using Adversarial Erasing and Pseudo Label15 Apr 2024
- 2023DiPS: Discriminative Pseudo-Label Sampling with Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localization9 Oct 2023
- 2023Background Activation Suppression for Weakly Supervised Object Localization and Semantic Segmentation22 Sep 2023
- 2023MCTformer+: Multi-Class Token Transformer for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation6 Aug 2023
- 2023Counterfactual Co-occurring Learning for Bias Mitigation in Weakly-supervised Object Localization24 May 2023
- 2023Open-World Weakly-Supervised Object Localization17 Apr 2023
- 2023Spatial-Aware Token for Weakly Supervised Object Localization18 Mar 2023
- 2023Knowledge-guided Causal Intervention for Weakly-supervised Object Localization3 Jan 2023
- 2022Discriminative Sampling of Proposals in Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localization9 Sep 2022
- 2022On Label Granularity and Object Localization20 Jul 2022
7 more
- 2022Bagging Regional Classification Activation Maps for Weakly Supervised Object Localization16 Jul 2022
- 2022CREAM: Weakly Supervised Object Localization via Class RE-Activation Mapping27 May 2022
- 2022Anti-Adversarially Manipulated Attributions for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation and Object Localization11 Apr 2022
- 2022Bridging the Gap between Classification and Localization for Weakly Supervised Object Localization1 Apr 2022
- 2022Weakly Supervised Object Localization as Domain Adaption3 Mar 2022
- 2021Background-aware Classification Activation Map for Weakly Supervised Object Localization29 Dec 2021
- 2021Background Activation Suppression for Weakly Supervised Object Localization1 Dec 2021
- 2022Bridging the Gap between Classification and Localization for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 25
- 2021Background Activation Suppression for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 22
- 2023MCTformer+: Multi-Class Token Transformer for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 22
- 2022CREAM: Weakly Supervised Object Localization via Class RE-Activation Mappingcited by 21
- 2023Background Activation Suppression for Weakly Supervised Object Localization and Semantic Segmentationcited by 17
- 2022Weakly Supervised Object Localization as Domain Adaptioncited by 16
- 2022Discriminative Sampling of Proposals in Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 13
- 2022Anti-Adversarially Manipulated Attributions for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation and Object Localizationcited by 12
- 2022On Label Granularity and Object Localizationcited by 12
- 2022Bagging Regional Classification Activation Maps for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 9
- 2023DiPS: Discriminative Pseudo-Label Sampling with Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 8
- 2023Spatial-Aware Token for Weakly Supervised Object Localizationcited by 7
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2025Region-CAM: Towards Accurate Object Regions in Class Activation Maps for Weakly Supervised Learning Tasks29 Oct 2025
- 2024MICAS: Multi-grained In-Context Adaptive Sampling for 3D Point Cloud Processing25 Nov 2024
- 2024Improving Weakly-Supervised Object Localization Using Adversarial Erasing and Pseudo Label15 Apr 2024
- 2023DiPS: Discriminative Pseudo-Label Sampling with Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localization9 Oct 2023
- 2023Background Activation Suppression for Weakly Supervised Object Localization and Semantic Segmentation22 Sep 2023
- 2023MCTformer+: Multi-Class Token Transformer for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation6 Aug 2023
- 2023Counterfactual Co-occurring Learning for Bias Mitigation in Weakly-supervised Object Localization24 May 2023
- 2023Open-World Weakly-Supervised Object Localization17 Apr 2023
- 2023Spatial-Aware Token for Weakly Supervised Object Localization18 Mar 2023
- 2023Knowledge-guided Causal Intervention for Weakly-supervised Object Localization3 Jan 2023
- 2022Discriminative Sampling of Proposals in Self-Supervised Transformers for Weakly Supervised Object Localization9 Sep 2022
- 2022On Label Granularity and Object Localization20 Jul 2022
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)