Attend2Pack: Bin Packing through Deep Reinforcement Learning with Attention
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper seeks to tackle the bin packing problem (BPP) through a learning perspective. Building on self-attention-based encoding and deep reinforcement learning algorithms, we propose a new end-to-end learning model for this task of interest. By decomposing the combinatorial action space, as well as utilizing a new training technique denoted as prioritized oversampling, which is a general scheme to speed up on-policy learning, we achieve state-of-the-art performance in a range of experimental settings. Moreover, although the proposed approach attend2pack targets offline-BPP, we strip our method down to the strict online-BPP setting where it is also able to achieve state-of-the-art performance. With a set of ablation studies as well as comparisons against a range of previous works, we hope to offer as a valid baseline approach to this field of study.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 13 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Jul 2021.
Builds on
13 of 47 references.
References · 13
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2016Layer Normalizationcited by 5,579
- 2016Identity Mappings in Deep Residual Networkscited by 1,960
- 2015Prioritized Experience Replaycited by 1,070
- 2015Pointer Networkscited by 882
- 2017Counterfactual Multi-Agent Policy Gradientscited by 733
- 2018Attention, Learn to Solve Routing Problems!cited by 646
- 2016Neural Combinatorial Optimization with Reinforcement Learningcited by 600
- 2020Online 3D Bin Packing with Constrained Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 35
- 2017Solving a New 3D Bin Packing Problem with Deep Reinforcement Learning Methodcited by 30
- 2018Ranked Reward: Enabling Self-Play Reinforcement Learning for Combinatorial Optimizationcited by 25
1 more
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 1; 2024: 3; 2025: 5; 2026: 1.
11 papers.
- 2022Planning Irregular Object Packing via Hierarchical Reinforcement Learningcited by 7
- 2025(X)-evolve: Solution space evolution powered by large language modelscited by 6
- 2025Deliberate Planning of 3D Bin Packing on Packing Configuration Treescited by 4
- 2023Machine Learning for the Multi-Dimensional Bin Packing Problem: Literature Review and Empirical Evaluationcited by 3
- 2024GFPack++: Improving 2D Irregular Packing by Learning Gradient Field with Attentioncited by 2
- 2024Pattern based learning and optimisation through pricing for bin packing problemcited by 0
- 2024Approximately Optimal Search on a Higher-dimensional Sliding Puzzlecited by 0
- 2025OPA-Pack: Object-Property-Aware Robotic Bin Packingcited by 0
- 2025Towards VM Rescheduling Optimization Through Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2025One4Many-StablePacker: An Efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for the 3D Bin Packing Problemcited by 0
- 2026Operationally Guided Placement-Aware Learning for Industrial Online 3D Bin Packingcited by 0
- 2026Operationally Guided Placement-Aware Learning for Industrial Online 3D Bin Packing30 Jul 2026
- 2025One4Many-StablePacker: An Efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for the 3D Bin Packing Problem11 Oct 2025
- 2025(X)-evolve: Solution space evolution powered by large language models11 Aug 2025
- 2025Towards VM Rescheduling Optimization Through Deep Reinforcement Learning23 May 2025
- 2025OPA-Pack: Object-Property-Aware Robotic Bin Packing19 May 2025
- 2025Deliberate Planning of 3D Bin Packing on Packing Configuration Trees6 Apr 2025
- 2024Approximately Optimal Search on a Higher-dimensional Sliding Puzzle2 Dec 2024
- 2024Pattern based learning and optimisation through pricing for bin packing problem27 Aug 2024
- 2024GFPack++: Improving 2D Irregular Packing by Learning Gradient Field with Attention9 Jun 2024
- 2023Machine Learning for the Multi-Dimensional Bin Packing Problem: Literature Review and Empirical Evaluation13 Dec 2023
- 2022Planning Irregular Object Packing via Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning17 Nov 2022