Prioritized training on points that are learnable, worth learning, and not yet learned (workshop version)
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce Goldilocks Selection, a technique for faster model training which selects a sequence of training points that are "just right". We propose an information-theoretic acquisition function -- the reducible validation loss -- and compute it with a small proxy model -- GoldiProx -- to efficiently choose training points that maximize information about a validation set. We show that the "hard" (e.g. high loss) points usually selected in the optimization literature are typically noisy, while the "easy" (e.g. low noise) samples often prioritized for curriculum learning confer less information. Further, points with uncertain labels, typically targeted by active learning, tend to be less relevant to the task. In contrast, Goldilocks Selection chooses points that are "just right" and empirically outperforms the above approaches. Moreover, the selected sequence can transfer to other architectures; practitioners can share and reuse it without the need to recreate it.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Jul 2021.
Builds on
16 of 28 references.
References · 16
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2020Scaling Laws for Neural Language Modelscited by 6,411
- 2015Dropout as a Bayesian Approximation: Representing Model Uncertainty in Deep Learningcited by 4,416
- 2017Deep Bayesian Active Learning with Image Datacited by 812
- 2019BatchBALD: Efficient and Diverse Batch Acquisition for Deep Bayesian Active Learningcited by 428
- 2019Selection via Proxy: Efficient Data Selection for Deep Learningcited by 337
- 2018Not All Samples Are Created Equal: Deep Learning with Importance Samplingcited by 323
- 2015Online Batch Selection for Faster Training of Neural Networkscited by 121
- 2019Combating Label Noise in Deep Learning Using Abstentioncited by 86
4 more
- 2021Divide and Contrast: Self-supervised Learning from Uncurated Datacited by 85
- 2021On Statistical Bias In Active Learning: How and When To Fix Itcited by 72
- 2019Cold Case: The Lost MNIST Digitscited by 61
- 2019Ordered SGD: A New Stochastic Optimization Framework for Empirical Risk Minimizationcited by 51
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 3; 2024: 2; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
7 papers.
- 2023Skill-it! A Data-Driven Skills Framework for Understanding and Training Language Modelscited by 120
- 2023Selective Pre-training for Private Fine-tuningcited by 22
- 2023Improving Few-Shot Generalization by Exploring and Exploiting Auxiliary Datacited by 13
- 2022Learning functional sections in medical conversations: iterative pseudo-labeling and human-in-the-loop approachcited by 1
- 2024Dynamic Skill Adaptation for Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2024The Benefits and Risks of Transductive Approaches for AI Fairnesscited by 0
- 2026Batch Loss Score for Dynamic Data Pruningcited by 0
- 2026Batch Loss Score for Dynamic Data Pruning6 Apr 2026
- 2024Dynamic Skill Adaptation for Large Language Models26 Dec 2024
- 2024The Benefits and Risks of Transductive Approaches for AI Fairness17 Jun 2024
- 2023Skill-it! A Data-Driven Skills Framework for Understanding and Training Language Models26 Jul 2023
- 2023Selective Pre-training for Private Fine-tuning23 May 2023
- 2023Improving Few-Shot Generalization by Exploring and Exploiting Auxiliary Data1 Feb 2023
- 2022Learning functional sections in medical conversations: iterative pseudo-labeling and human-in-the-loop approach6 Oct 2022