mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Fine-tune the Entire RAG Architecture (including DPR retriever) for Question-Answering

arXiv 2106.11517 ↗First posted 22 Jun 2021cs.IR cs.AI cs.CLcited by 7

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we illustrate how to fine-tune the entire Retrieval Augment Generation (RAG) architecture in an end-to-end manner. We highlighted the main engineering challenges that needed to be addressed to achieve this objective. We also compare how end-to-end RAG architecture outperforms the original RAG architecture for the task of question answering. We have open-sourced our implementation in the HuggingFace Transformers library.

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 9 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Jun 2021.

Builds on

5 of 9 references.

References · 5

  1. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
  2. 2020Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answeringcited by 3,779
  3. 2017Billion-scale similarity search with GPUscited by 2,477
  4. 2020REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Trainingcited by 2,126
  5. 2021End-to-End Training of Neural Retrievers for Open-Domain Question Answeringcited by 75

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 4.

7 papers.

  1. 2024Question-Based Retrieval using Atomic Units for Enterprise RAGcited by 16
  2. 2024RAGProbe: An Automated Approach for Evaluating RAG Applicationscited by 7
  3. 2025Automatic Dataset Generation for Knowledge Intensive Question Answering Taskscited by 6
  4. 2025A Position Paper on the Automatic Generation of Machine Learning Leaderboardscited by 3
  5. 2025Confident RAG: Enhancing the Performance of LLMs for Mathematics Question Answering through Multi-Embedding and Confidence Scoringcited by 2
  6. 2024Efficient Learning Content Retrieval with Knowledge Injectioncited by 0
  7. 2025HybridRAG: A Practical LLM-based ChatBot Framework based on Pre-Generated Q&A over Raw Unstructured Documentscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Toward Optimal Search and Retrieval for RAG
  2. 2025PreQRAG -- Classify and Rewrite for Enhanced RAG
  3. 2025Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Comprehensive Survey of Architectures, Enhancements, and Robustness Frontiers
  4. 2026RAG-Stack: Co-Optimizing RAG Serving Performance and Quality
  5. 2026Augmenting Question Answering with A Hybrid RAG Approach
  6. 2025AccurateRAG: A Framework for Building Accurate Retrieval-Augmented Question-Answering Applications
  7. 2025Multiple Abstraction Level Retrieve Augment Generation
  8. 2025Question Decomposition for Retrieval-Augmented Generation