mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

NT5?! Training T5 to Perform Numerical Reasoning

arXiv 2104.07307 ↗First posted 15 Apr 2021cs.CLcited by 11

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Abstract (arXiv)

Numerical reasoning over text (NRoT) presents unique challenges that are not well addressed by existing pre-training objectives. We explore five sequential training schedules that adapt a pre-trained T5 model for NRoT. Our final model is adapted from T5, but further pre-trained on three datasets designed to strengthen skills necessary for NRoT and general reading comprehension before being fine-tuned on the Discrete Reasoning over Text (DROP) dataset. The training improves DROP's adjusted F1 performance (a numeracy-focused score) from 45.90 to 70.83. Our model closes in on GenBERT (72.4), a custom BERT-Base model using the same datasets with significantly more parameters. We show that training the T5 multitasking framework with multiple numerical reasoning datasets of increasing difficulty, good performance on DROP can be achieved without manually engineering partitioned functionality between distributed and symbol modules.

Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 9 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Apr 2021.

Builds on

9 of 9 references.

References · 9

  1. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
  2. 2016SQuAD: 100,000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Textcited by 4,115
  3. 2019DROP: A Reading Comprehension Benchmark Requiring Discrete Reasoning Over Paragraphscited by 883
  4. 2019Do NLP Models Know Numbers? Probing Numeracy in Embeddingscited by 157
  5. 2020Injecting Numerical Reasoning Skills into Language Modelscited by 133
  6. 2019NumNet: Machine Reading Comprehension with Numerical Reasoningcited by 59
  7. 2019Giving BERT a Calculator: Finding Operations and Arguments with Reading Comprehensioncited by 51
  8. 2019EQUATE: A Benchmark Evaluation Framework for Quantitative Reasoning in Natural Language Inferencecited by 39
  9. 2020Question Directed Graph Attention Network for Numerical Reasoning over Textcited by 35

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 2; 2023: 6; 2024: 1.

11 papers.