NT5?! Training T5 to Perform Numerical Reasoning
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Numerical reasoning over text (NRoT) presents unique challenges that are not well addressed by existing pre-training objectives. We explore five sequential training schedules that adapt a pre-trained T5 model for NRoT. Our final model is adapted from T5, but further pre-trained on three datasets designed to strengthen skills necessary for NRoT and general reading comprehension before being fine-tuned on the Discrete Reasoning over Text (DROP) dataset. The training improves DROP's adjusted F1 performance (a numeracy-focused score) from 45.90 to 70.83. Our model closes in on GenBERT (72.4), a custom BERT-Base model using the same datasets with significantly more parameters. We show that training the T5 multitasking framework with multiple numerical reasoning datasets of increasing difficulty, good performance on DROP can be achieved without manually engineering partitioned functionality between distributed and symbol modules.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 9 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Apr 2021.
Builds on
9 of 9 references.
References · 9
- 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
- 2016SQuAD: 100,000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Textcited by 4,115
- 2019DROP: A Reading Comprehension Benchmark Requiring Discrete Reasoning Over Paragraphscited by 883
- 2019Do NLP Models Know Numbers? Probing Numeracy in Embeddingscited by 157
- 2020Injecting Numerical Reasoning Skills into Language Modelscited by 133
- 2019NumNet: Machine Reading Comprehension with Numerical Reasoningcited by 59
- 2019Giving BERT a Calculator: Finding Operations and Arguments with Reading Comprehensioncited by 51
- 2019EQUATE: A Benchmark Evaluation Framework for Quantitative Reasoning in Natural Language Inferencecited by 39
- 2020Question Directed Graph Attention Network for Numerical Reasoning over Textcited by 35
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 2; 2023: 6; 2024: 1.
11 papers.
- 2021Turning Tables: Generating Examples from Semi-structured Tables for Endowing Language Models with Reasoning Skillscited by 39
- 2023Exploring the Numerical Reasoning Capabilities of Language Models: A Comprehensive Analysis on Tabular Datacited by 33
- 2024QuanTemp: A real-world open-domain benchmark for fact-checking numerical claimscited by 22
- 2023Can neural networks do arithmetic? A survey on the elementary numerical skills of state-of-the-art deep learning modelscited by 18
- 2021Investigating Numeracy Learning Ability of a Text-to-Text Transfer Modelcited by 13
- 2023Do Deep Neural Networks Capture Compositionality in Arithmetic Reasoning?cited by 11
- 2023World Models for Math Story Problemscited by 11
- 2022Teaching Broad Reasoning Skills for Multi-Step QA by Generating Hard Contextscited by 7
- 2023FERMAT: An Alternative to Accuracy for Numerical Reasoningcited by 3
- 2022Do Language Models Understand Measurements?cited by 2
- 2023Extracting Victim Counts from Textcited by 0
- 2024QuanTemp: A real-world open-domain benchmark for fact-checking numerical claims25 Mar 2024
- 2023Exploring the Numerical Reasoning Capabilities of Language Models: A Comprehensive Analysis on Tabular Data3 Nov 2023
- 2023World Models for Math Story Problems7 Jun 2023
- 2023FERMAT: An Alternative to Accuracy for Numerical Reasoning27 May 2023
- 2023Can neural networks do arithmetic? A survey on the elementary numerical skills of state-of-the-art deep learning models14 Mar 2023
- 2023Extracting Victim Counts from Text23 Feb 2023
- 2023Do Deep Neural Networks Capture Compositionality in Arithmetic Reasoning?15 Feb 2023
- 2022Do Language Models Understand Measurements?23 Oct 2022
- 2022Teaching Broad Reasoning Skills for Multi-Step QA by Generating Hard Contexts25 May 2022
- 2021Investigating Numeracy Learning Ability of a Text-to-Text Transfer Model10 Sep 2021
- 2021Turning Tables: Generating Examples from Semi-structured Tables for Endowing Language Models with Reasoning Skills15 Jul 2021