Out-of-distribution detection in satellite image classification
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
In satellite image analysis, distributional mismatch between the training and test data may arise due to several reasons, including unseen classes in the test data and differences in the geographic area. Deep learning based models may behave in unexpected manner when subjected to test data that has such distributional shifts from the training data, also called out-of-distribution (OOD) examples. Predictive uncertainly analysis is an emerging research topic which has not been explored much in context of satellite image analysis. Towards this, we adopt a Dirichlet Prior Network based model to quantify distributional uncertainty of deep learning models for remote sensing. The approach seeks to maximize the representation gap between the in-domain and OOD examples for a better identification of unknown examples at test time. Experimental results on three exemplary test scenarios show the efficacy of the model in satellite image analysis.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 9 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Apr 2021.
Builds on
5 of 9 references.
References · 5
- 2016Simple and Scalable Predictive Uncertainty Estimation using Deep Ensemblescited by 3,888
- 2018Predictive Uncertainty Estimation via Prior Networkscited by 555
- 2020Towards Maximizing the Representation Gap between In-Domain & Out-of-Distribution Examplescited by 40
- 2019So2Sat LCZ42: A Benchmark Dataset for Global Local Climate Zones Classificationcited by 24
- 2021Deep Reinforcement Learning for Band Selection in Hyperspectral Image Classificationcited by 12
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 0; 2023: 2; 2024: 0; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
4 papers.
- 2021A Survey of Uncertainty in Deep Neural Networkscited by 675
- 2023Nearest Neighbor Based Out-of-Distribution Detection in Remote Sensing Scene Classificationcited by 1
- 2026OT on the Map: Quantifying Domain Shifts in Geographic Spacecited by 1
- 2023Reliability Quantification of Deep Reinforcement Learning-based Controlcited by 0
- 2026OT on the Map: Quantifying Domain Shifts in Geographic Space17 Apr 2026
- 2023Reliability Quantification of Deep Reinforcement Learning-based Control29 Sep 2023
- 2023Nearest Neighbor Based Out-of-Distribution Detection in Remote Sensing Scene Classification29 Mar 2023
- 2021A Survey of Uncertainty in Deep Neural Networks7 Jul 2021