Latent Space Explorations of Singing Voice Synthesis using DDSP
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Abstract (arXiv)
Machine learning based singing voice models require large datasets and lengthy training times. In this work we present a lightweight architecture, based on the Differentiable Digital Signal Processing (DDSP) library, that is able to output song-like utterances conditioned only on pitch and amplitude, after twelve hours of training using small datasets of unprocessed audio. The results are promising, as both the melody and the singer's voice are recognizable. In addition, we present two zero-configuration tools to train new models and experiment with them. Currently we are exploring the latent space representation, which is included in the DDSP library, but not in the original DDSP examples. Our results indicate that the latent space improves both the identification of the singer as well as the comprehension of the lyrics. Our code is available at https://github.com/juanalonso/DDSP-singing-experiments with links to the zero-configuration notebooks, and our sound examples are at https://juanalonso.github.io/DDSP-singing-experiments/ .
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Mar 2021.
Builds on
15 of 27 references.
References · 15
- 2015Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 2,048
- 2016WaveNet: A Generative Model for Raw Audiocited by 1,710
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- 2017Natural TTS Synthesis by Conditioning WaveNet on Mel Spectrogram Predictionscited by 800
- 2018Adversarial Audio Synthesiscited by 222
- 2018Efficient Neural Audio Synthesiscited by 218
- 2020DDSP: Differentiable Digital Signal Processingcited by 177
- 2019GANSynth: Adversarial Neural Audio Synthesiscited by 114
- 2016SampleRNN: An Unconditional End-to-End Neural Audio Generation Modelcited by 110
- 2018CREPE: A Convolutional Representation for Pitch Estimationcited by 109
- 2020HiFiSinger: Towards High-Fidelity Neural Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 39
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 0; 2023: 0; 2024: 1; 2025: 1.
3 papers.
- 2021Automatic DJ Transitions with Differentiable Audio Effects and Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 3
- 2024Fast, High-Quality and Parameter-Efficient Articulatory Synthesis using Differentiable DSPcited by 3
- 2025PESTO: Real-Time Pitch Estimation with Self-supervised Transposition-equivariant Objectivecited by 3
- 2025PESTO: Real-Time Pitch Estimation with Self-supervised Transposition-equivariant Objective2 Aug 2025
- 2024Fast, High-Quality and Parameter-Efficient Articulatory Synthesis using Differentiable DSP4 Sep 2024
- 2021Automatic DJ Transitions with Differentiable Audio Effects and Generative Adversarial Networks13 Oct 2021