mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

A reproduction of Apple's bi-directional LSTM models for language identification in short strings

arXiv 2102.06282 ↗First posted 11 Feb 2021cs.CL cs.LGcited by 4

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Abstract (arXiv)

Language Identification is the task of identifying a document's language. For applications like automatic spell checker selection, language identification must use very short strings such as text message fragments. In this work, we reproduce a language identification architecture that Apple briefly sketched in a blog post. We confirm the bi-LSTM model's performance and find that it outperforms current open-source language identifiers. We further find that its language identification mistakes are due to confusion between related languages.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 7 of its 19 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Feb 2021.

Builds on

7 of 19 references.

References · 7

  1. 2016Enriching Word Vectors with Subword Informationcited by 1,578
  2. 2016Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classificationcited by 869
  3. 2016FastText.zip: Compressing text classification modelscited by 331
  4. 2018Automatic Language Identification in Texts: A Surveycited by 40
  5. 2017LanideNN: Multilingual Language Identification on Character Windowcited by 10
  6. 2020Discriminating Between Similar Nordic Languagescited by 10
  7. 2018Automatic Language Identification for Romance Languages using Stop Words and Diacriticscited by 2

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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 0; 2024: 2; 2025: 1.

4 papers.