Improving Distantly-Supervised Relation Extraction through BERT-based Label & Instance Embeddings
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Abstract (arXiv)
Distantly-supervised relation extraction (RE) is an effective method to scale RE to large corpora but suffers from noisy labels. Existing approaches try to alleviate noise through multi-instance learning and by providing additional information, but manage to recognize mainly the top frequent relations, neglecting those in the long-tail. We propose REDSandT (Relation Extraction with Distant Supervision and Transformers), a novel distantly-supervised transformer-based RE method, that manages to capture a wider set of relations through highly informative instance and label embeddings for RE, by exploiting BERT's pre-trained model, and the relationship between labels and entities, respectively. We guide REDSandT to focus solely on relational tokens by fine-tuning BERT on a structured input, including the sub-tree connecting an entity pair and the entities' types. Using the extracted informative vectors, we shape label embeddings, which we also use as attention mechanism over instances to further reduce noise. Finally, we represent sentences by concatenating relation and instance embeddings. Experiments in the NYT-10 dataset show that REDSandT captures a broader set of relations with higher confidence, achieving state-of-the-art AUC (0.424).
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Feb 2021.
Builds on
15 of 34 references.
References · 15
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 1; 2023: 3; 2024: 0; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
10 papers.
- 2023Zero-shot Referring Expression Comprehension via Structural Similarity Between Images and Captionscited by 21
- 2021CIL: Contrastive Instance Learning Framework for Distantly Supervised Relation Extractioncited by 13
- 2022HiCLRE: A Hierarchical Contrastive Learning Framework for Distantly Supervised Relation Extractioncited by 8
- 2021Improving Zero-Shot Entity Retrieval through Effective Dense Representationscited by 6
- 2021PARE: A Simple and Strong Baseline for Monolingual and Multilingual Distantly Supervised Relation Extractioncited by 4
- 2023Sentence Bag Graph Formulation for Biomedical Distant Supervision Relation Extractioncited by 1
- 2025A systematic review of relation extraction task since the emergence of Transformerscited by 1
- 2023Comparative Analysis of Contextual Relation Extraction based on Deep Learning Modelscited by 0
- 2025SCoRE: Streamlined Corpus-based Relation Extraction using Multi-Label Contrastive Learning and Bayesian kNNcited by 0
- 2026Sub-Billion, Super-Frontier: Small Language Models Rival Zero-Shot Frontier LLMs on General and Literary Relation Extractioncited by 0
- 2026Sub-Billion, Super-Frontier: Small Language Models Rival Zero-Shot Frontier LLMs on General and Literary Relation Extraction21 Jun 2026
- 2025A systematic review of relation extraction task since the emergence of Transformers5 Nov 2025
- 2025SCoRE: Streamlined Corpus-based Relation Extraction using Multi-Label Contrastive Learning and Bayesian kNN9 Jul 2025
- 2023Zero-shot Referring Expression Comprehension via Structural Similarity Between Images and Captions28 Nov 2023
- 2023Sentence Bag Graph Formulation for Biomedical Distant Supervision Relation Extraction29 Oct 2023
- 2023Comparative Analysis of Contextual Relation Extraction based on Deep Learning Models13 Sep 2023
- 2022HiCLRE: A Hierarchical Contrastive Learning Framework for Distantly Supervised Relation Extraction27 Feb 2022
- 2021PARE: A Simple and Strong Baseline for Monolingual and Multilingual Distantly Supervised Relation Extraction14 Oct 2021
- 2021CIL: Contrastive Instance Learning Framework for Distantly Supervised Relation Extraction21 Jun 2021
- 2021Improving Zero-Shot Entity Retrieval through Effective Dense Representations6 Mar 2021