Convolutional Recurrent Network for Road Boundary Extraction
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Creating high definition maps that contain precise information of static elements of the scene is of utmost importance for enabling self driving cars to drive safely. In this paper, we tackle the problem of drivable road boundary extraction from LiDAR and camera imagery. Towards this goal, we design a structured model where a fully convolutional network obtains deep features encoding the location and direction of road boundaries and then, a convolutional recurrent network outputs a polyline representation for each one of them. Importantly, our method is fully automatic and does not require a user in the loop. We showcase the effectiveness of our method on a large North American city where we obtain perfect topology of road boundaries 99.3% of the time at a high precision and recall.
Key facts. Cited by 33 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 21 Dec 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 13; 2022: 7; 2023: 7; 2024: 4; 2025: 2.
33 papers.
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- 2022VectorMapNet: End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Learningcited by 243
- 2021Structured Bird's-Eye-View Traffic Scene Understanding from Onboard Imagescited by 98
- 2021Semantics for Robotic Mapping, Perception and Interaction: A Surveycited by 56
- 2023InstaGraM: Instance-level Graph Modeling for Vectorized HD Map Learningcited by 40
- 2021Topology Preserving Local Road Network Estimation from Single Onboard Camera Imagecited by 34
- 2021PointFlow: Flowing Semantics Through Points for Aerial Image Segmentationcited by 29
- 2022RNGDet: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer in Aerial Imagescited by 26
- 2022RNGDet++: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer with Instance Segmentation and Multi-scale Features Enhancementcited by 24
- 2021iCurb: Imitation Learning-based Detection of Road Curbs using Aerial Images for Autonomous Drivingcited by 21
- 2022OmniCity: Omnipotent City Understanding with Multi-level and Multi-view Imagescited by 21
- 2023Learning and Aggregating Lane Graphs for Urban Automated Drivingcited by 20
- 2021Topo-boundary: A Benchmark Dataset on Topological Road-boundary Detection Using Aerial Images for Autonomous Drivingcited by 19
21 more
- 2021Lane Graph Estimation for Scene Understanding in Urban Drivingcited by 18
- 2021A Simple and Efficient Multi-task Network for 3D Object Detection and Road Understandingcited by 17
- 2022CenterLineDet: CenterLine Graph Detection for Road Lanes with Vehicle-mounted Sensors by Transformer for HD Map Generationcited by 15
- 2021csBoundary: City-scale Road-boundary Detection in Aerial Images for High-definition Mapscited by 12
- 2023VMA: Divide-and-Conquer Vectorized Map Annotation System for Large-Scale Driving Scenecited by 9
- 2021VideoClick: Video Object Segmentation with a Single Clickcited by 8
- 2023Improving Online Lane Graph Extraction by Object-Lane Clusteringcited by 7
- 2023Pix2Map: Cross-modal Retrieval for Inferring Street Maps from Imagescited by 6
- 2024PolyR-CNN: R-CNN for end-to-end polygonal building outline extractioncited by 6
- 2024CurbNet: Curb Detection Framework Based on LiDAR Point Cloud Segmentationcited by 5
- 2021Hierarchical Road Topology Learning for Urban Map-less Drivingcited by 4
- 2021How to Build a Curb Dataset with LiDAR Data for Autonomous Drivingcited by 4
- 2022Monocular BEV Perception of Road Scenes via Front-to-Top View Projectioncited by 4
- 2023Prior Based Online Lane Graph Extraction from Single Onboard Camera Imagecited by 2
- 2025Learning Isometric Embeddings of Road Networks using Multidimensional Scalingcited by 1
- 2025UniVector: Unified Vector Extraction via Instance-Geometry Interactioncited by 1
- 2021The Oxford Road Boundaries Datasetcited by 0
- 2022Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation of Roads from Satellite Imagescited by 0
- 2023Online Lane Graph Extraction from Onboard Videocited by 0
- 2024PLCNet: Patch-wise Lane Correction Network for Automatic Lane Correction in High-definition Mapscited by 0
- 2024YOLinO++: Single-Shot Estimation of Generic Polylines for Mapless Automated Divingcited by 0
- 2025UniVector: Unified Vector Extraction via Instance-Geometry Interaction15 Oct 2025
- 2025Learning Isometric Embeddings of Road Networks using Multidimensional Scaling24 Apr 2025
- 2024PolyR-CNN: R-CNN for end-to-end polygonal building outline extraction20 Jul 2024
- 2024CurbNet: Curb Detection Framework Based on LiDAR Point Cloud Segmentation25 Mar 2024
- 2024YOLinO++: Single-Shot Estimation of Generic Polylines for Mapless Automated Diving1 Feb 2024
- 2024PLCNet: Patch-wise Lane Correction Network for Automatic Lane Correction in High-definition Maps25 Jan 2024
- 2023Prior Based Online Lane Graph Extraction from Single Onboard Camera Image25 Jul 2023
- 2023Improving Online Lane Graph Extraction by Object-Lane Clustering20 Jul 2023
- 2023VMA: Divide-and-Conquer Vectorized Map Annotation System for Large-Scale Driving Scene19 Apr 2023
- 2023Online Lane Graph Extraction from Onboard Video3 Apr 2023
- 2023Learning and Aggregating Lane Graphs for Urban Automated Driving13 Feb 2023
- 2023InstaGraM: Instance-level Graph Modeling for Vectorized HD Map Learning10 Jan 2023
21 more
- 2023Pix2Map: Cross-modal Retrieval for Inferring Street Maps from Images10 Jan 2023
- 2022Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation of Roads from Satellite Images26 Dec 2022
- 2022Monocular BEV Perception of Road Scenes via Front-to-Top View Projection15 Nov 2022
- 2022RNGDet++: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer with Instance Segmentation and Multi-scale Features Enhancement21 Sep 2022
- 2022CenterLineDet: CenterLine Graph Detection for Road Lanes with Vehicle-mounted Sensors by Transformer for HD Map Generation16 Sep 2022
- 2022OmniCity: Omnipotent City Understanding with Multi-level and Multi-view Images1 Aug 2022
- 2022VectorMapNet: End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Learning17 Jun 2022
- 2022RNGDet: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer in Aerial Images16 Feb 2022
- 2021Topology Preserving Local Road Network Estimation from Single Onboard Camera Image19 Dec 2021
- 2021csBoundary: City-scale Road-boundary Detection in Aerial Images for High-definition Maps11 Nov 2021
- 2021How to Build a Curb Dataset with LiDAR Data for Autonomous Driving8 Oct 2021
- 2021Structured Bird's-Eye-View Traffic Scene Understanding from Onboard Images5 Oct 2021
- 2021The Oxford Road Boundaries Dataset16 Jun 2021
- 2021Lane Graph Estimation for Scene Understanding in Urban Driving1 May 2021
- 2021Hierarchical Road Topology Learning for Urban Map-less Driving31 Mar 2021
- 2021Topo-boundary: A Benchmark Dataset on Topological Road-boundary Detection Using Aerial Images for Autonomous Driving31 Mar 2021
- 2021iCurb: Imitation Learning-based Detection of Road Curbs using Aerial Images for Autonomous Driving31 Mar 2021
- 2021PointFlow: Flowing Semantics Through Points for Aerial Image Segmentation11 Mar 2021
- 2021A Simple and Efficient Multi-task Network for 3D Object Detection and Road Understanding6 Mar 2021
- 2021VideoClick: Video Object Segmentation with a Single Click16 Jan 2021
- 2021Semantics for Robotic Mapping, Perception and Interaction: A Survey2 Jan 2021
- 2022VectorMapNet: End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Learningcited by 243
- 2021Structured Bird's-Eye-View Traffic Scene Understanding from Onboard Imagescited by 98
- 2021Semantics for Robotic Mapping, Perception and Interaction: A Surveycited by 56
- 2023InstaGraM: Instance-level Graph Modeling for Vectorized HD Map Learningcited by 40
- 2021Topology Preserving Local Road Network Estimation from Single Onboard Camera Imagecited by 34
- 2021PointFlow: Flowing Semantics Through Points for Aerial Image Segmentationcited by 29
- 2022RNGDet: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer in Aerial Imagescited by 26
- 2022RNGDet++: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer with Instance Segmentation and Multi-scale Features Enhancementcited by 24
- 2022OmniCity: Omnipotent City Understanding with Multi-level and Multi-view Imagescited by 21
- 2023Learning and Aggregating Lane Graphs for Urban Automated Drivingcited by 20
- 2021Topo-boundary: A Benchmark Dataset on Topological Road-boundary Detection Using Aerial Images for Autonomous Drivingcited by 19
- 2021Lane Graph Estimation for Scene Understanding in Urban Drivingcited by 18
12 most cited of 32 All 32 (JSON)
- 2025UniVector: Unified Vector Extraction via Instance-Geometry Interaction15 Oct 2025
- 2025Learning Isometric Embeddings of Road Networks using Multidimensional Scaling24 Apr 2025
- 2024PolyR-CNN: R-CNN for end-to-end polygonal building outline extraction20 Jul 2024
- 2024CurbNet: Curb Detection Framework Based on LiDAR Point Cloud Segmentation25 Mar 2024
- 2024YOLinO++: Single-Shot Estimation of Generic Polylines for Mapless Automated Diving1 Feb 2024
- 2024PLCNet: Patch-wise Lane Correction Network for Automatic Lane Correction in High-definition Maps25 Jan 2024
- 2023Prior Based Online Lane Graph Extraction from Single Onboard Camera Image25 Jul 2023
- 2023Improving Online Lane Graph Extraction by Object-Lane Clustering20 Jul 2023
- 2023VMA: Divide-and-Conquer Vectorized Map Annotation System for Large-Scale Driving Scene19 Apr 2023
- 2023Online Lane Graph Extraction from Onboard Video3 Apr 2023
- 2023Learning and Aggregating Lane Graphs for Urban Automated Driving13 Feb 2023
- 2023InstaGraM: Instance-level Graph Modeling for Vectorized HD Map Learning10 Jan 2023
12 newest of 32 All 32 (JSON)