mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Leveraging Abstract Meaning Representation for Knowledge Base Question Answering

arXiv 2012.01707 ↗First posted 3 Dec 2020cs.CL cs.AIcited by 53

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Abstract (arXiv)

Knowledge base question answering (KBQA)is an important task in Natural Language Processing. Existing approaches face significant challenges including complex question understanding, necessity for reasoning, and lack of large end-to-end training datasets. In this work, we propose Neuro-Symbolic Question Answering (NSQA), a modular KBQA system, that leverages (1) Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) parses for task-independent question understanding; (2) a simple yet effective graph transformation approach to convert AMR parses into candidate logical queries that are aligned to the KB; (3) a pipeline-based approach which integrates multiple, reusable modules that are trained specifically for their individual tasks (semantic parser, entity andrelationship linkers, and neuro-symbolic reasoner) and do not require end-to-end training data. NSQA achieves state-of-the-art performance on two prominent KBQA datasets based on DBpedia (QALD-9 and LC-QuAD1.0). Furthermore, our analysis emphasizes that AMR is a powerful tool for KBQA systems.

Key facts. Cited by 53 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 3 Dec 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 13; 2022: 9; 2023: 12; 2024: 14; 2025: 5.

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  1. 2022Language Models Are Greedy Reasoners: A Systematic Formal Analysis of Chain-of-Thoughtcited by 337
  2. 2024KAG: Boosting LLMs in Professional Domains via Knowledge Augmented Generationcited by 67
  3. 2021Complex Knowledge Base Question Answering: A Surveycited by 52
  4. 2022FactGraph: Evaluating Factuality in Summarization with Semantic Graph Representationscited by 41
  5. 2025Neuro-Symbolic AI in 2024: A Systematic Reviewcited by 38
  6. 2021Maximum Bayes Smatch Ensemble Distillation for AMR Parsingcited by 29
  7. 2021Structure-aware Fine-tuning of Sequence-to-sequence Transformers for Transition-based AMR Parsingcited by 25
  8. 2022Knowledge Base Question Answering: A Semantic Parsing Perspectivecited by 22
  9. 2023FC-KBQA: A Fine-to-Coarse Composition Framework for Knowledge Base Question Answeringcited by 21
  10. 2023A Universal Question-Answering Platform for Knowledge Graphscited by 17
  11. 2021Weisfeiler-Leman in the BAMBOO: Novel AMR Graph Metrics and a Benchmark for AMR Graph Similaritycited by 16
  12. 2021Outlining and Filling: Hierarchical Query Graph Generation for Answering Complex Questions over Knowledge Graphscited by 16
38 more
  1. 2021A Two-Stage Approach towards Generalization in Knowledge Base Question Answeringcited by 15
  2. 2023Question Decomposition Tree for Answering Complex Questions over Knowledge Basescited by 15
  3. 2021Generative Relation Linking for Question Answering over Knowledge Basescited by 14
  4. 2024Prompting Large Language Models with Knowledge Graphs for Question Answering Involving Long-tail Factscited by 14
  5. 2022GraphQ IR: Unifying the Semantic Parsing of Graph Query Languages with One Intermediate Representationcited by 13
  6. 2022Interpretable AMR-Based Question Decomposition for Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 12
  7. 2024TrustUQA: A Trustful Framework for Unified Structured Data Question Answeringcited by 12
  8. 2021LNN-EL: A Neuro-Symbolic Approach to Short-text Entity Linkingcited by 11
  9. 2024Neuro-Symbolic AI: Explainability, Challenges, and Future Trendscited by 10
  10. 2024Natural Language Processing RELIES on Linguisticscited by 9
  11. 2024Temporal Knowledge Graph Question Answering: A Surveycited by 9
  12. 2021SYGMA: System for Generalizable Modular Question Answering OverKnowledge Basescited by 8
  13. 2022Crake: Causal-Enhanced Table-Filler for Question Answering over Large Scale Knowledge Basecited by 8
  14. 2021Graph-augmented Learning to Rank for Querying Large-scale Knowledge Graphcited by 7
  15. 2023Incorporating Graph Information in Transformer-based AMR Parsingcited by 7
  16. 2025Dialogue Benchmark Generation from Knowledge Graphs with Cost-Effective Retrieval-Augmented LLMscited by 7
  17. 2023Neurosymbolic AI and its Taxonomy: a surveycited by 6
  18. 2023Neuro-symbolic Commonsense Social Reasoningcited by 5
  19. 2021Injecting Numerical Reasoning Skills into Knowledge Base Question Answering Modelscited by 4
  20. 2021Learning to Transpile AMR into SPARQLcited by 4
  21. 2022Hidden Schema Networkscited by 4
  22. 2023Learning Symbolic Rules over Abstract Meaning Representations for Textual Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  23. 2024MASSIVE Multilingual Abstract Meaning Representation: A Dataset and Baselines for Hallucination Detectioncited by 4
  24. 2024Semantic Graphs for Syntactic Simplification: A Revisit from the Age of LLMcited by 4
  25. 2022Targeted Extraction of Temporal Facts from Textual Resources for Improved Temporal Question Answering over Knowledge Basescited by 3
  26. 2023AMRs Assemble! Learning to Ensemble with Autoregressive Models for AMR Parsingcited by 3
  27. 2025Ontology-Guided, Hybrid Prompt Learning for Generalization in Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 3
  28. 2025Chatty-KG: A Multi-Agent AI System for On-Demand Conversational Question Answering over Knowledge Graphscited by 3
  29. 2024Integrating Multi-Head Convolutional Encoders with Cross-Attention for Improved SPARQL Query Translationcited by 2
  30. 2024Should Cross-Lingual AMR Parsing go Meta? An Empirical Assessment of Meta-Learning and Joint Learning AMR Parsingcited by 2
  31. 2025GETALP@AutoMin 2025: Leveraging RAG to Answer Questions based on Meeting Transcriptscited by 2
  32. 2021Federated Data Science to Break Down Silos [Vision]cited by 1
  33. 2023Semantic Operator Prediction and Applicationscited by 1
  34. 2024Adapting Abstract Meaning Representation Parsing to the Clinical Narrative -- the SPRING THYME parsercited by 1
  35. 2024Lexicalization Is All You Need: Examining the Impact of Lexical Knowledge in a Compositional QALD Systemcited by 1
  36. 2022Cross-lingual AMR Aligner: Paying Attention to Cross-Attentioncited by 0
  37. 2023Thrill-K Architecture: Towards a Solution to the Problem of Knowledge Based Understandingcited by 0
  38. 2023Logic Diffusion for Knowledge Graph Reasoningcited by 0

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