Low-resource expressive text-to-speech using data augmentation
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Abstract (arXiv)
While recent neural text-to-speech (TTS) systems perform remarkably well, they typically require a substantial amount of recordings from the target speaker reading in the desired speaking style. In this work, we present a novel 3-step methodology to circumvent the costly operation of recording large amounts of target data in order to build expressive style voices with as little as 15 minutes of such recordings. First, we augment data via voice conversion by leveraging recordings in the desired speaking style from other speakers. Next, we use that synthetic data on top of the available recordings to train a TTS model. Finally, we fine-tune that model to further increase quality. Our evaluations show that the proposed changes bring significant improvements over non-augmented models across many perceived aspects of synthesised speech. We demonstrate the proposed approach on 2 styles (newscaster and conversational), on various speakers, and on both single and multi-speaker models, illustrating the robustness of our approach.
Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Nov 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 10; 2023: 4; 2024: 3; 2025: 2; 2026: 3.
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- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesiscited by 182
- 2024BASE TTS: Lessons from building a billion-parameter Text-to-Speech model on 100K hours of datacited by 74
- 2022An Overview of Affective Speech Synthesis and Conversion in the Deep Learning Eracited by 32
- 2021Non-Autoregressive TTS with Explicit Duration Modelling for Low-Resource Highly Expressive Speechcited by 14
- 2021Voice Conversion Can Improve ASR in Very Low-Resource Settingscited by 13
- 2022Cross-speaker style transfer for text-to-speech using data augmentationcited by 9
- 2022Voice Filter: Few-shot text-to-speech speaker adaptation using voice conversion as a post-processing modulecited by 8
- 2022Cross-Speaker Emotion Transfer for Low-Resource Text-to-Speech Using Non-Parallel Voice Conversion with Pitch-Shift Data Augmentationcited by 8
- 2024Rethinking MUSHRA: Addressing Modern Challenges in Text-to-Speech Evaluationcited by 7
- 2021Review of end-to-end speech synthesis technology based on deep learningcited by 6
- 2024Rasa: Building Expressive Speech Synthesis Systems for Indian Languages in Low-resource Settingscited by 6
- 2022Distribution augmentation for low-resource expressive text-to-speechcited by 5
14 more
- 2022Computer-assisted Pronunciation Training -- Speech synthesis is almost all you needcited by 4
- 2023Learning Emotional Representations from Imbalanced Speech Data for Speech Emotion Recognition and Emotional Text-to-Speechcited by 4
- 2022SingAug: Data Augmentation for Singing Voice Synthesis with Cycle-consistent Training Strategycited by 3
- 2023Custom Data Augmentation for low resource ASR using Bark and Retrieval-Based Voice Conversioncited by 3
- 2022Automatic Evaluation of Speaker Similaritycited by 2
- 2025Integrating Feedback Loss from Bi-modal Sarcasm Detector for Sarcastic Speech Synthesiscited by 2
- 2023Unsupervised Pre-Training For Data-Efficient Text-to-Speech On Low Resource Languagescited by 1
- 2023Creating New Voices using Normalizing Flowscited by 1
- 2025Voice Conversion for Lombard Speaking Style with Implicit and Explicit Acoustic Feature Conditioningcited by 1
- 2022Data-augmented cross-lingual synthesis in a teacher-student frameworkcited by 0
- 2022Adapitch: Adaption Multi-Speaker Text-to-Speech Conditioned on Pitch Disentangling with Untranscribed Datacited by 0
- 2026Semantics-Aware Generative Latent Data Augmentation for Learning in Low-Resource Domainscited by 0
- 2026ZeSTA: Zero-Shot TTS Augmentation with Domain-Conditioned Training for Data-Efficient Personalized Speech Synthesiscited by 0
- 2026LuxEmo: Expressive Text-to-Speech Corpus for Luxembourgishcited by 0
- 2026LuxEmo: Expressive Text-to-Speech Corpus for Luxembourgish30 Jun 2026
- 2026ZeSTA: Zero-Shot TTS Augmentation with Domain-Conditioned Training for Data-Efficient Personalized Speech Synthesis4 Mar 2026
- 2026Semantics-Aware Generative Latent Data Augmentation for Learning in Low-Resource Domains2 Feb 2026
- 2025Integrating Feedback Loss from Bi-modal Sarcasm Detector for Sarcastic Speech Synthesis18 Aug 2025
- 2025Voice Conversion for Lombard Speaking Style with Implicit and Explicit Acoustic Feature Conditioning12 Jul 2025
- 2024Rethinking MUSHRA: Addressing Modern Challenges in Text-to-Speech Evaluation19 Nov 2024
- 2024Rasa: Building Expressive Speech Synthesis Systems for Indian Languages in Low-resource Settings19 Jul 2024
- 2024BASE TTS: Lessons from building a billion-parameter Text-to-Speech model on 100K hours of data12 Feb 2024
- 2023Creating New Voices using Normalizing Flows22 Dec 2023
- 2023Custom Data Augmentation for low resource ASR using Bark and Retrieval-Based Voice Conversion24 Nov 2023
- 2023Learning Emotional Representations from Imbalanced Speech Data for Speech Emotion Recognition and Emotional Text-to-Speech9 Jun 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Pre-Training For Data-Efficient Text-to-Speech On Low Resource Languages28 Mar 2023
14 more
- 2022Adapitch: Adaption Multi-Speaker Text-to-Speech Conditioned on Pitch Disentangling with Untranscribed Data25 Oct 2022
- 2022An Overview of Affective Speech Synthesis and Conversion in the Deep Learning Era6 Oct 2022
- 2022Computer-assisted Pronunciation Training -- Speech synthesis is almost all you need2 Jul 2022
- 2022Automatic Evaluation of Speaker Similarity1 Jul 2022
- 2022Cross-Speaker Emotion Transfer for Low-Resource Text-to-Speech Using Non-Parallel Voice Conversion with Pitch-Shift Data Augmentation21 Apr 2022
- 2022Data-augmented cross-lingual synthesis in a teacher-student framework31 Mar 2022
- 2022SingAug: Data Augmentation for Singing Voice Synthesis with Cycle-consistent Training Strategy31 Mar 2022
- 2022Voice Filter: Few-shot text-to-speech speaker adaptation using voice conversion as a post-processing module16 Feb 2022
- 2022Distribution augmentation for low-resource expressive text-to-speech13 Feb 2022
- 2022Cross-speaker style transfer for text-to-speech using data augmentation10 Feb 2022
- 2021Voice Conversion Can Improve ASR in Very Low-Resource Settings4 Nov 2021
- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesis29 Jun 2021
- 2021Non-Autoregressive TTS with Explicit Duration Modelling for Low-Resource Highly Expressive Speech24 Jun 2021
- 2021Review of end-to-end speech synthesis technology based on deep learning20 Apr 2021
- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesiscited by 182
- 2024BASE TTS: Lessons from building a billion-parameter Text-to-Speech model on 100K hours of datacited by 74
- 2022An Overview of Affective Speech Synthesis and Conversion in the Deep Learning Eracited by 32
- 2021Non-Autoregressive TTS with Explicit Duration Modelling for Low-Resource Highly Expressive Speechcited by 14
- 2021Voice Conversion Can Improve ASR in Very Low-Resource Settingscited by 13
- 2022Cross-speaker style transfer for text-to-speech using data augmentationcited by 9
- 2022Voice Filter: Few-shot text-to-speech speaker adaptation using voice conversion as a post-processing modulecited by 8
- 2022Cross-Speaker Emotion Transfer for Low-Resource Text-to-Speech Using Non-Parallel Voice Conversion with Pitch-Shift Data Augmentationcited by 8
- 2024Rethinking MUSHRA: Addressing Modern Challenges in Text-to-Speech Evaluationcited by 7
- 2021Review of end-to-end speech synthesis technology based on deep learningcited by 6
- 2024Rasa: Building Expressive Speech Synthesis Systems for Indian Languages in Low-resource Settingscited by 6
- 2022Distribution augmentation for low-resource expressive text-to-speechcited by 5
12 most cited of 26 All 26 (JSON)
- 2026LuxEmo: Expressive Text-to-Speech Corpus for Luxembourgish30 Jun 2026
- 2026ZeSTA: Zero-Shot TTS Augmentation with Domain-Conditioned Training for Data-Efficient Personalized Speech Synthesis4 Mar 2026
- 2026Semantics-Aware Generative Latent Data Augmentation for Learning in Low-Resource Domains2 Feb 2026
- 2025Integrating Feedback Loss from Bi-modal Sarcasm Detector for Sarcastic Speech Synthesis18 Aug 2025
- 2025Voice Conversion for Lombard Speaking Style with Implicit and Explicit Acoustic Feature Conditioning12 Jul 2025
- 2024Rethinking MUSHRA: Addressing Modern Challenges in Text-to-Speech Evaluation19 Nov 2024
- 2024Rasa: Building Expressive Speech Synthesis Systems for Indian Languages in Low-resource Settings19 Jul 2024
- 2024BASE TTS: Lessons from building a billion-parameter Text-to-Speech model on 100K hours of data12 Feb 2024
- 2023Creating New Voices using Normalizing Flows22 Dec 2023
- 2023Custom Data Augmentation for low resource ASR using Bark and Retrieval-Based Voice Conversion24 Nov 2023
- 2023Learning Emotional Representations from Imbalanced Speech Data for Speech Emotion Recognition and Emotional Text-to-Speech9 Jun 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Pre-Training For Data-Efficient Text-to-Speech On Low Resource Languages28 Mar 2023
12 newest of 26 All 26 (JSON)