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Photonics for artificial intelligence and neuromorphic computing

arXiv 2011.00111 ↗First posted 30 Oct 2020physics.optics cs.NE physics.app-phcited by 111

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Abstract (arXiv)

Research in photonic computing has flourished due to the proliferation of optoelectronic components on photonic integration platforms. Photonic integrated circuits have enabled ultrafast artificial neural networks, providing a framework for a new class of information processing machines. Algorithms running on such hardware have the potential to address the growing demand for machine learning and artificial intelligence, in areas such as medical diagnosis, telecommunications, and high-performance and scientific computing. In parallel, the development of neuromorphic electronics has highlighted challenges in that domain, in particular, related to processor latency. Neuromorphic photonics offers sub-nanosecond latencies, providing a complementary opportunity to extend the domain of artificial intelligence. Here, we review recent advances in integrated photonic neuromorphic systems, discuss current and future challenges, and outline the advances in science and technology needed to meet those challenges.

Key facts. Cited by 111 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 30 Oct 2020.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 16; 2022: 20; 2023: 17; 2024: 22; 2025: 16; 2026: 20.

111 papers.

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  1. 2021Applications and Techniques for Fast Machine Learning in Sciencecited by 32
  2. 2024Facing the Elephant in the Room: Visual Prompt Tuning or Full Finetuning?cited by 31
  3. 2021An optical neural network using less than 1 photon per multiplicationcited by 30
  4. 2021Self-learning Machines based on Hamiltonian Echo Backpropagationcited by 28
  5. 2022Image sensing with multilayer, nonlinear optical neural networkscited by 25
  6. 2021L2ight: Enabling On-Chip Learning for Optical Neural Networks via Efficient in-situ Subspace Optimizationcited by 21
  7. 2023On the use of deep learning for phase recoverycited by 20
  8. 2021Silicon Photonic Architecture for Training Deep Neural Networks with Direct Feedback Alignmentcited by 17
  9. 2022NeurOLight: A Physics-Agnostic Neural Operator Enabling Parametric Photonic Device Simulationcited by 17
  10. 2022Hybrid training of optical neural networkscited by 15
  11. 2023Nonlinear optical encoding enabled by recurrent linear scatteringcited by 14
  12. 2021A compact butterfly-style silicon photonic-electronic neural chip for hardware-efficient deep learningcited by 13
38 more
  1. 2021Dynamic Precision Analog Computing for Neural Networkscited by 12
  2. 2023Spatially Varying Nanophotonic Neural Networkscited by 12
  3. 2021Fock State-enhanced Expressivity of Quantum Machine Learning Modelscited by 11
  4. 2022Polarization Multiplexed Diffractive Computing: All-Optical Implementation of a Group of Linear Transformations Through a Polarization-Encoded Diffractive Networkcited by 10
  5. 2023Optical Transformerscited by 10
  6. 2023Design Principles for Lifelong Learning AI Acceleratorscited by 9
  7. 2024Arbitrary control over multimode wave propagation for machine learningcited by 9
  8. 2024Quantum Equilibrium Propagation for efficient training of quantum systems based on Onsager reciprocitycited by 9
  9. 2024Classical and Quantum Physical Reservoir Computing for Onboard Artificial Intelligence Systems: A Perspectivecited by 9
  10. 2022Spiking SiamFC++: Deep Spiking Neural Network for Object Trackingcited by 8
  11. 2023Training neural networks with end-to-end optical backpropagationcited by 7
  12. 2024Reservoir Computing Using Measurement-Controlled Quantum Dynamicscited by 7
  13. 2024Optical Generative Modelscited by 7
  14. 2021O-HAS: Optical Hardware Accelerator Search for Boosting Both Acceleration Performance and Development Speedcited by 6
  15. 2022All-optical graph representation learning using integrated diffractive photonic computing unitscited by 6
  16. 2022Controlling chaotic itinerancy in laser dynamics for reinforcement learningcited by 6
  17. 2022Intelligent Computing: The Latest Advances, Challenges and Futurecited by 6
  18. 2024SimPhony: A Device-Circuit-Architecture Cross-Layer Modeling and Simulation Framework for Heterogeneous Electronic-Photonic AI Systemcited by 6
  19. 2022Parallel photonic accelerator for decision making using optical spatiotemporal chaoscited by 5
  20. 2023M3ICRO: Machine Learning-Enabled Compact Photonic Tensor Core based on PRogrammable Multi-Operand Multimode Interferencecited by 5
  21. 2024Physical Reservoir Computing Enabled by Solitary Waves and Biologically-Inspired Nonlinear Transformation of Input Datacited by 5
  22. 2024SCATTER: Algorithm-Circuit Co-Sparse Photonic Accelerator with Thermal-Tolerant, Power-Efficient In-situ Light Redistributioncited by 5
  23. 2024PACE: Pacing Operator Learning to Accurate Optical Field Simulation for Complicated Photonic Devicescited by 5
  24. 2023Integrated multi-operand optical neurons for scalable and hardware-efficient deep learningcited by 4
  25. 2023Real-Time FJ/MAC PDE Solvers via Tensorized, Back-Propagation-Free Optical PINN Trainingcited by 4
  26. 2024Training all-mechanical neural networks for task learning through in situ backpropagationcited by 4
  27. 2026End-to-end autonomous scientific discovery on a real optical platformcited by 4
  28. 2021Inverse Design of Grating Couplers Using the Policy Gradient Method from Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
  29. 2021Towards Memory-Efficient Neural Networks via Multi-Level in situ Generationcited by 3
  30. 2022Data-driven Modeling of Mach-Zehnder Interferometer-based Optical Matrix Multiplierscited by 3
  31. 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Designcited by 3
  32. 2022Theory of Acceleration of Decision Making by Correlated Time Sequencescited by 2
  33. 2022Conflict-free joint sampling for preference satisfaction through quantum interferencecited by 2
  34. 2022AnalogVNN: A fully modular framework for modeling and optimizing photonic neural networkscited by 2
  35. 2022EEG Opto-processor: epileptic seizure detection using diffractive photonic computing unitscited by 2
  36. 2023Conflict-free joint decision by lag and zero-lag synchronization in laser networkcited by 2
  37. 2023Neural Network Methods for Radiation Detectors and Imagingcited by 2
  38. 2025Blending Optimal Control and Biologically Plausible Learning for Noise-Robust Physical Neural Networkscited by 2

50 most cited of 111 All 111 (JSON)