Simplicial Neural Networks
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present simplicial neural networks (SNNs), a generalization of graph neural networks to data that live on a class of topological spaces called simplicial complexes. These are natural multi-dimensional extensions of graphs that encode not only pairwise relationships but also higher-order interactions between vertices - allowing us to consider richer data, including vector fields and n-fold collaboration networks. We define an appropriate notion of convolution that we leverage to construct the desired convolutional neural networks. We test the SNNs on the task of imputing missing data on coauthorship complexes.
Key facts. Cited by 105 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 7 Oct 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 12; 2022: 11; 2023: 30; 2024: 17; 2025: 11; 2026: 24.
105 papers.
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- 2021Weisfeiler and Lehman Go Topological: Message Passing Simplicial Networkscited by 219
- 2021Weisfeiler and Lehman Go Cellular: CW Networkscited by 218
- 2021Signal Processing on Higher-Order Networks: Livin' on the Edge ... and Beyondcited by 81
- 2021Principled Simplicial Neural Networks for Trajectory Predictioncited by 77
- 2024Position: Topological Deep Learning is the New Frontier for Relational Learningcited by 65
- 2023Architectures of Topological Deep Learning: A Survey of Message-Passing Topological Neural Networkscited by 43
- 2021Simplicial Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 40
- 2022Simplicial Attention Networkscited by 40
- 2022Cell Attention Networkscited by 34
- 2021Signal Processing on Cell Complexescited by 31
- 2023Generalized Simplicial Attention Neural Networkscited by 27
- 2023Convolutional Learning on Simplicial Complexescited by 26
38 more
- 2024TopoBench: A Framework for Benchmarking Topological Deep Learningcited by 24
- 2024E(n) Equivariant Topological Neural Networkscited by 22
- 2021BScNets: Block Simplicial Complex Neural Networkscited by 21
- 2022Simplicial Attention Neural Networkscited by 21
- 2024Beyond Euclid: An Illustrated Guide to Modern Machine Learning with Geometric, Topological, and Algebraic Structurescited by 20
- 2023From Latent Graph to Latent Topology Inference: Differentiable Cell Complex Modulecited by 19
- 2022Simplicial Convolutional Filterscited by 18
- 2023Differentiable Euler Characteristic Transforms for Shape Classificationcited by 18
- 2023Simplicial Representation Learning with Neural k-Formscited by 18
- 2024TopoTune : A Framework for Generalized Combinatorial Complex Neural Networkscited by 18
- 2021Simplicial Complex Representation Learningcited by 17
- 2021Dist2Cycle: A Simplicial Neural Network for Homology Localizationcited by 16
- 2022SGAT: Simplicial Graph Attention Networkcited by 16
- 2023Simplicial Hopfield networkscited by 16
- 2023Higher-order Graph Convolutional Network with Flower-Petals Laplacians on Simplicial Complexescited by 15
- 2023Combinatorial Complexes: Bridging the Gap Between Cell Complexes and Hypergraphscited by 15
- 2023CIN++: Enhancing Topological Message Passingcited by 14
- 2021Signal processing on simplicial complexescited by 12
- 2023Leveraging Label Non-Uniformity for Node Classification in Graph Neural Networkscited by 11
- 2025Copresheaf Topological Neural Networks: A Generalized Deep Learning Frameworkcited by 11
- 2023Weisfeiler and Lehman Go Paths: Learning Topological Features via Path Complexescited by 10
- 2023Dirac signal processing of higher-order topological signalscited by 9
- 2021Data-Centric AI Requires Rethinking Data Notioncited by 8
- 2022Convolutional Filtering in Simplicial Complexescited by 8
- 2023Cycle Invariant Positional Encoding for Graph Representation Learningcited by 8
- 2024On the Theoretical Expressive Power and the Design Space of Higher-Order Graph Transformerscited by 8
- 2023ICML 2023 Topological Deep Learning Challenge : Design and Resultscited by 7
- 2023Topo-MLP : A Simplicial Network Without Message Passingcited by 7
- 2022A Topological Deep Learning Framework for Neural Spike Decodingcited by 6
- 2023CAT-Walk: Inductive Hypergraph Learning via Set Walkscited by 6
- 2024Diss-l-ECT: Dissecting Graph Data with Local Euler Characteristic Transformscited by 6
- 2022Pooling Strategies for Simplicial Convolutional Networkscited by 5
- 2023Topological Point Cloud Clusteringcited by 5
- 2023Homological Neural Networks: A Sparse Architecture for Multivariate Complexitycited by 5
- 2024Higher-Order Topological Directionality and Directed Simplicial Neural Networkscited by 5
- 2023Homological Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 4
- 2024Demystifying Higher-Order Graph Neural Networkscited by 4
- 2024Bayesian Sheaf Neural Networkscited by 4
50 most cited of 105 All 105 (JSON)
- 2026Higher-Order Positional Encodings for Graph Representation Learning1 Oct 2026
- 2026Look Before You Lift: Visual and Quantitative Diagnostics for Topological Deep Learning15 Aug 2026
- 2026Spectral Higher-Order Neural Networks Have Sharp Expressivity Bounds21 Jul 2026
- 2026Kernel Regression with Tensor Trains and Hadamard Overparameterization19 Jul 2026
- 2026Foundations of Equivariant Deep Learning: Unifying Graph and Sheaf Neural Networks4 Jul 2026
- 2026Adjusted Cup-Product Neural Layer11 Jun 2026
- 2026Cellular Sheaf Neural Operators for Structure-Preserving Surrogate Modeling of Constrained PDEs31 May 2026
- 2026Scaling Higher-Order Graph Learning with Maximal Clique Complexes29 May 2026
- 2026TriSearch: Learning to Optimize Triangulations via Bistellar Flips28 May 2026
- 2026Topological Signal Processing: An Application-Oriented Tutorial18 May 2026
- 2026Hypergraph Pattern Machine: Compositional Tokenization for Higher-Order Interactions15 May 2026
- 2026Neural Point-Forms15 May 2026
38 more
- 2026Learning Discrete Riemannian Metrics for Physical Fields with Cochain-Frame Equivarianc14 May 2026
- 2026Compositional Sparsity as an Inductive Bias for Neural Architecture Design14 May 2026
- 2026HodgeCover: Higher-Order Topological Coverage Drives Compression of Sparse Mixture-of-Experts13 May 2026
- 2026Topology-Preserving Neural Operator Learning via Hodge Decomposition13 May 2026
- 2026TopoGeoScore: A Self-Supervised Source-Only Geometric Framework for OOD Checkpoint Selection9 May 2026
- 2026No Triangulation Without Representation: Generalization in Topological Deep Learning7 May 2026
- 2026Topological Neural Tangent Kernel1 May 2026
- 2026Spectral Higher-Order Neural Networks30 Mar 2026
- 2026Topology of Reasoning: Retrieved Cell Complex-Augmented Generation for Textual Graph Question Answering22 Feb 2026
- 2026From Classical to Topological Neural Networks Under Uncertainty10 Feb 2026
- 2026Weisfeiler and Lehman Go Categorical6 Feb 2026
- 2026A Sheaf-Theoretic and Topological Perspective on Complex Network Modeling and Attention Mechanisms in Graph Neural Models29 Jan 2026
- 2025On the Sheafification of Higher-Order Message Passing27 Sep 2025
- 2025Leveraging Personalized PageRank and Higher-Order Topological Structures for Heterophily Mitigation in Graph Neural Networks22 Jul 2025
- 2025Heat Kernel Goes Topological16 Jul 2025
- 2025Demystifying Topological Message-Passing with Relational Structures: A Case Study on Oversquashing in Simplicial Message-Passing6 Jun 2025
- 2025CellCLAT: Preserving Topology and Trimming Redundancy in Self-Supervised Cellular Contrastive Learning27 May 2025
- 2025Copresheaf Topological Neural Networks: A Generalized Deep Learning Framework27 May 2025
- 2025Directed Semi-Simplicial Learning with Applications to Brain Activity Decoding23 May 2025
- 2025Quotient Complex Transformer (QCformer) for Perovskite Data Analysis14 May 2025
- 2025Continuous Simplicial Neural Networks17 Mar 2025
- 2025Topological Neural Networks over the Air14 Feb 2025
- 2025Efficient Sparsification of Simplicial Complexes via Local Densities of States11 Feb 2025
- 2024Topological Data Analysis Applications in Natural Language Processing: A Survey15 Nov 2024
- 2024Higher-order Cross-structural Embedding Model for Time Series Analysis30 Oct 2024
- 2024Graph Neural Networks for Edge Signals: Orientation Equivariance and Invariance22 Oct 2024
- 2024Bayesian Sheaf Neural Networks12 Oct 2024
- 2024TopoTune : A Framework for Generalized Combinatorial Complex Neural Networks9 Oct 2024
- 2024Diss-l-ECT: Dissecting Graph Data with Local Euler Characteristic Transforms3 Oct 2024
- 2024Higher-Order Topological Directionality and Directed Simplicial Neural Networks12 Sep 2024
- 2024Imputation of Time-varying Edge Flows in Graphs by Multilinear Kernel Regression and Manifold Learning8 Sep 2024
- 2024Beyond Euclid: An Illustrated Guide to Modern Machine Learning with Geometric, Topological, and Algebraic Structures12 Jul 2024
- 2024Demystifying Higher-Order Graph Neural Networks18 Jun 2024
- 2024TopoBench: A Framework for Benchmarking Topological Deep Learning9 Jun 2024
- 2024E(n) Equivariant Topological Neural Networks24 May 2024
- 2024Binarized Simplicial Convolutional Neural Networks7 May 2024
- 2024Learning From Simplicial Data Based on Random Walks and 1D Convolutions4 Apr 2024
- 2024On the Theoretical Expressive Power and the Design Space of Higher-Order Graph Transformers4 Apr 2024
50 newest of 105 All 105 (JSON)
- 2021Weisfeiler and Lehman Go Topological: Message Passing Simplicial Networkscited by 219
- 2021Weisfeiler and Lehman Go Cellular: CW Networkscited by 218
- 2021Signal Processing on Higher-Order Networks: Livin' on the Edge ... and Beyondcited by 81
- 2021Principled Simplicial Neural Networks for Trajectory Predictioncited by 77
- 2024Position: Topological Deep Learning is the New Frontier for Relational Learningcited by 65
- 2023Architectures of Topological Deep Learning: A Survey of Message-Passing Topological Neural Networkscited by 43
- 2021Simplicial Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 40
- 2022Simplicial Attention Networkscited by 40
- 2022Cell Attention Networkscited by 34
- 2021Signal Processing on Cell Complexescited by 31
- 2023Generalized Simplicial Attention Neural Networkscited by 27
- 2023Convolutional Learning on Simplicial Complexescited by 26
12 most cited of 103 All 103 (JSON)
- 2026Higher-Order Positional Encodings for Graph Representation Learning1 Oct 2026
- 2026Look Before You Lift: Visual and Quantitative Diagnostics for Topological Deep Learning15 Aug 2026
- 2026Spectral Higher-Order Neural Networks Have Sharp Expressivity Bounds21 Jul 2026
- 2026Kernel Regression with Tensor Trains and Hadamard Overparameterization19 Jul 2026
- 2026Foundations of Equivariant Deep Learning: Unifying Graph and Sheaf Neural Networks4 Jul 2026
- 2026Adjusted Cup-Product Neural Layer11 Jun 2026
- 2026Cellular Sheaf Neural Operators for Structure-Preserving Surrogate Modeling of Constrained PDEs31 May 2026
- 2026Scaling Higher-Order Graph Learning with Maximal Clique Complexes29 May 2026
- 2026TriSearch: Learning to Optimize Triangulations via Bistellar Flips28 May 2026
- 2026Topological Signal Processing: An Application-Oriented Tutorial18 May 2026
- 2026Hypergraph Pattern Machine: Compositional Tokenization for Higher-Order Interactions15 May 2026
- 2026Neural Point-Forms15 May 2026
12 newest of 103 All 103 (JSON)