VisualSem: A High-quality Knowledge Graph for Vision and Language
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Abstract (arXiv)
An exciting frontier in natural language understanding (NLU) and generation (NLG) calls for (vision-and-) language models that can efficiently access external structured knowledge repositories. However, many existing knowledge bases only cover limited domains, or suffer from noisy data, and most of all are typically hard to integrate into neural language pipelines. To fill this gap, we release VisualSem: a high-quality knowledge graph (KG) which includes nodes with multilingual glosses, multiple illustrative images, and visually relevant relations. We also release a neural multi-modal retrieval model that can use images or sentences as inputs and retrieves entities in the KG. This multi-modal retrieval model can be integrated into any (neural network) model pipeline. We encourage the research community to use VisualSem for data augmentation and/or as a source of grounding, among other possible uses. VisualSem as well as the multi-modal retrieval models are publicly available and can be downloaded in this URL: https://github.com/iacercalixto/visualsem
Key facts. Cited by 30 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Aug 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 6; 2023: 7; 2024: 7; 2025: 6; 2026: 3.
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- 2022Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph Construction and Application: A Surveycited by 74
- 2024Knowledge Graphs Meet Multi-Modal Learning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 50
- 2022Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training with Knowledge Graphscited by 34
- 2023Findings of the TSAR-2022 Shared Task on Multilingual Lexical Simplificationcited by 20
- 2023UKnow: A Unified Knowledge Protocol with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Datasets for Reasoning and Vision-Language Pre-Trainingcited by 14
- 2024Cross-modal Retrieval for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answeringcited by 13
- 2023Construction of Knowledge Graphs: State and Challengescited by 12
- 2022Endowing Language Models with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Representationscited by 11
- 2022Kuaipedia: a Large-scale Multi-modal Short-video Encyclopediacited by 8
- 2023Sample-Efficient Learning of Novel Visual Conceptscited by 8
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Surveycited by 7
- 2022A Unified Continuous Learning Framework for Multi-modal Knowledge Discovery and Pre-trainingcited by 5
18 more
- 2023AspectMMKG: A Multi-modal Knowledge Graph with Aspect-aware Entitiescited by 5
- 2024VCD: A Dataset for Visual Commonsense Discovery in Imagescited by 5
- 2025FineQuest: Adaptive Knowledge-Assisted Sports Video Understanding via Agent-of-Thoughts Reasoningcited by 5
- 2025Knowledge Completes the Vision: A Multimodal Entity-aware Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for News Image Captioningcited by 3
- 2024Domain Adaptation for Large-Vocabulary Object Detectorscited by 2
- 2025VAT-KG: Knowledge-Intensive Multimodal Knowledge Graph Dataset for Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 2
- 2021Multimodal Entity Tagging with Multimodal Knowledge Basecited by 1
- 2022Multilingual Multimodality: A Taxonomical Survey of Datasets, Techniques, Challenges and Opportunitiescited by 1
- 2024wav2graph: A Framework for Supervised Learning Knowledge Graph from Speechcited by 1
- 2023Lexical Simplification using multi level and modular approachcited by 0
- 2023Farspredict: A benchmark dataset for link predictioncited by 0
- 2024Light Up the Shadows: Enhance Long-Tailed Entity Grounding with Concept-Guided Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2024MMPKUBase: A Comprehensive and High-quality Chinese Multi-modal Knowledge Graphcited by 0
- 2025Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Generation with Semantics-enriched Promptscited by 0
- 2025VisKnow: Constructing Visual Knowledge Base for Object Understandingcited by 0
- 2026MMCOMET: A Large-Scale Multimodal Commonsense Knowledge Graph for Contextual Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Multi-Granularity Context-Enhanced RAG over Multimodal Knowledge Graphscited by 0
- 2026VISPATH: Visual-Intent-Guided Path Reasoning for Multimodal Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 0
- 2026Multi-Granularity Context-Enhanced RAG over Multimodal Knowledge Graphs26 Aug 2026
- 2026VISPATH: Visual-Intent-Guided Path Reasoning for Multimodal Knowledge Graph Question Answering4 Aug 2026
- 2026MMCOMET: A Large-Scale Multimodal Commonsense Knowledge Graph for Contextual Reasoning1 Mar 2026
- 2025VisKnow: Constructing Visual Knowledge Base for Object Understanding9 Dec 2025
- 2025Knowledge Completes the Vision: A Multimodal Entity-aware Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for News Image Captioning26 Nov 2025
- 2025FineQuest: Adaptive Knowledge-Assisted Sports Video Understanding via Agent-of-Thoughts Reasoning15 Sep 2025
- 2025VAT-KG: Knowledge-Intensive Multimodal Knowledge Graph Dataset for Retrieval-Augmented Generation11 Jun 2025
- 2025Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Generation with Semantics-enriched Prompts18 Apr 2025
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Survey17 Apr 2025
- 2024wav2graph: A Framework for Supervised Learning Knowledge Graph from Speech8 Aug 2024
- 2024MMPKUBase: A Comprehensive and High-quality Chinese Multi-modal Knowledge Graph3 Aug 2024
- 2024Light Up the Shadows: Enhance Long-Tailed Entity Grounding with Concept-Guided Vision-Language Models16 Jun 2024
18 more
- 2024VCD: A Dataset for Visual Commonsense Discovery in Images27 Feb 2024
- 2024Knowledge Graphs Meet Multi-Modal Learning: A Comprehensive Survey8 Feb 2024
- 2024Domain Adaptation for Large-Vocabulary Object Detectors13 Jan 2024
- 2024Cross-modal Retrieval for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering11 Jan 2024
- 2023AspectMMKG: A Multi-modal Knowledge Graph with Aspect-aware Entities9 Aug 2023
- 2023Sample-Efficient Learning of Novel Visual Concepts15 Jun 2023
- 2023Farspredict: A benchmark dataset for link prediction26 Mar 2023
- 2023Construction of Knowledge Graphs: State and Challenges22 Feb 2023
- 2023UKnow: A Unified Knowledge Protocol with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Datasets for Reasoning and Vision-Language Pre-Training14 Feb 2023
- 2023Findings of the TSAR-2022 Shared Task on Multilingual Lexical Simplification6 Feb 2023
- 2023Lexical Simplification using multi level and modular approach3 Feb 2023
- 2022Multilingual Multimodality: A Taxonomical Survey of Datasets, Techniques, Challenges and Opportunities30 Oct 2022
- 2022Kuaipedia: a Large-scale Multi-modal Short-video Encyclopedia28 Oct 2022
- 2022Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training with Knowledge Graphs17 Oct 2022
- 2022Endowing Language Models with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Representations27 Jun 2022
- 2022A Unified Continuous Learning Framework for Multi-modal Knowledge Discovery and Pre-training11 Jun 2022
- 2022Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph Construction and Application: A Survey11 Feb 2022
- 2021Multimodal Entity Tagging with Multimodal Knowledge Base21 Dec 2021
- 2023UKnow: A Unified Knowledge Protocol with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Datasets for Reasoning and Vision-Language Pre-Trainingcited by 14
- 2024Light Up the Shadows: Enhance Long-Tailed Entity Grounding with Concept-Guided Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Multi-Granularity Context-Enhanced RAG over Multimodal Knowledge Graphscited by 0
- 2026Multi-Granularity Context-Enhanced RAG over Multimodal Knowledge Graphs26 Aug 2026
- 2024Light Up the Shadows: Enhance Long-Tailed Entity Grounding with Concept-Guided Vision-Language Models16 Jun 2024
- 2023UKnow: A Unified Knowledge Protocol with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Datasets for Reasoning and Vision-Language Pre-Training14 Feb 2023
- 2022Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph Construction and Application: A Surveycited by 74
- 2024Knowledge Graphs Meet Multi-Modal Learning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 50
- 2022Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training with Knowledge Graphscited by 34
- 2023Findings of the TSAR-2022 Shared Task on Multilingual Lexical Simplificationcited by 20
- 2024Cross-modal Retrieval for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answeringcited by 13
- 2023Construction of Knowledge Graphs: State and Challengescited by 12
- 2022Endowing Language Models with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Representationscited by 11
- 2022Kuaipedia: a Large-scale Multi-modal Short-video Encyclopediacited by 8
- 2023Sample-Efficient Learning of Novel Visual Conceptscited by 8
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Surveycited by 7
- 2022A Unified Continuous Learning Framework for Multi-modal Knowledge Discovery and Pre-trainingcited by 5
- 2023AspectMMKG: A Multi-modal Knowledge Graph with Aspect-aware Entitiescited by 5
12 most cited of 24 All 24 (JSON)
- 2026VISPATH: Visual-Intent-Guided Path Reasoning for Multimodal Knowledge Graph Question Answering4 Aug 2026
- 2026MMCOMET: A Large-Scale Multimodal Commonsense Knowledge Graph for Contextual Reasoning1 Mar 2026
- 2025VisKnow: Constructing Visual Knowledge Base for Object Understanding9 Dec 2025
- 2025Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Generation with Semantics-enriched Prompts18 Apr 2025
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Survey17 Apr 2025
- 2024wav2graph: A Framework for Supervised Learning Knowledge Graph from Speech8 Aug 2024
- 2024MMPKUBase: A Comprehensive and High-quality Chinese Multi-modal Knowledge Graph3 Aug 2024
- 2024VCD: A Dataset for Visual Commonsense Discovery in Images27 Feb 2024
- 2024Knowledge Graphs Meet Multi-Modal Learning: A Comprehensive Survey8 Feb 2024
- 2024Domain Adaptation for Large-Vocabulary Object Detectors13 Jan 2024
- 2024Cross-modal Retrieval for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering11 Jan 2024
- 2023AspectMMKG: A Multi-modal Knowledge Graph with Aspect-aware Entities9 Aug 2023
12 newest of 24 All 24 (JSON)