Reinforcement Learning with Uncertainty Estimation for Tactical Decision-Making in Intersections
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
This paper investigates how a Bayesian reinforcement learning method can be used to create a tactical decision-making agent for autonomous driving in an intersection scenario, where the agent can estimate the confidence of its recommended actions. An ensemble of neural networks, with additional randomized prior functions (RPF), are trained by using a bootstrapped experience replay memory. The coefficient of variation in the estimated Q-values of the ensemble members is used to approximate the uncertainty, and a criterion that determines if the agent is sufficiently confident to make a particular decision is introduced. The performance of the ensemble RPF method is evaluated in an intersection scenario, and compared to a standard Deep Q-Network method. It is shown that the trained ensemble RPF agent can detect cases with high uncertainty, both in situations that are far from the training distribution, and in situations that seldom occur within the training distribution. In this study, the uncertainty information is used to choose safe actions in unknown situations, which removes all collisions from within the training distribution, and most collisions outside of the distribution.
Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 17 Jun 2020.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 4; 2023: 1; 2024: 5; 2025: 2.
15 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021Uncertainty Weighted Actor-Critic for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 125
- 2021Ensemble Quantile Networks: Uncertainty-Aware Reinforcement Learning with Applications in Autonomous Drivingcited by 17
- 2022State Dropout-Based Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Self-Driving at Unsignalized Intersectionscited by 15
- 2021Decision-Making Technology for Autonomous Vehicles Learning-Based Methods, Applications and Future Outlookcited by 14
- 2024Autonomous Driving at Unsignalized Intersections: A Review of Decision-Making Challenges and Reinforcement Learning-Based Solutionscited by 7
- 2023Identify, Estimate and Bound the Uncertainty of Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 6
- 2022How to Learn from Risk: Explicit Risk-Utility Reinforcement Learning for Efficient and Safe Driving Strategiescited by 4
- 2024Contextualized Hybrid Ensemble Q-learning: Learning Fast with Control Priorscited by 4
- 2022Influence of uncertainty estimation techniques on false-positive reduction in liver lesion detectioncited by 3
- 2022Graph Convolution-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Agent Decision-Making in Mixed Traffic Environmentscited by 1
- 2024Grid-Mapping Pseudo-Count Constraint for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2024Stepping Out of the Shadows: Reinforcement Learning in Shadow Modecited by 1
3 more
- 2025Evaluating Scenario-based Decision-making for Interactive Autonomous Driving Using Rational Criteria: A Surveycited by 1
- 2024GITSR: Graph Interaction Transformer-based Scene Representation for Multi Vehicle Collaborative Decision-makingcited by 0
- 2025UAMDP: Uncertainty-Aware Markov Decision Process for Risk-Constrained Reinforcement Learning from Probabilistic Forecastscited by 0
- 2025UAMDP: Uncertainty-Aware Markov Decision Process for Risk-Constrained Reinforcement Learning from Probabilistic Forecasts9 Oct 2025
- 2025Evaluating Scenario-based Decision-making for Interactive Autonomous Driving Using Rational Criteria: A Survey3 Jan 2025
- 2024GITSR: Graph Interaction Transformer-based Scene Representation for Multi Vehicle Collaborative Decision-making3 Nov 2024
- 2024Stepping Out of the Shadows: Reinforcement Learning in Shadow Mode30 Oct 2024
- 2024Autonomous Driving at Unsignalized Intersections: A Review of Decision-Making Challenges and Reinforcement Learning-Based Solutions20 Sep 2024
- 2024Contextualized Hybrid Ensemble Q-learning: Learning Fast with Control Priors28 Jun 2024
- 2024Grid-Mapping Pseudo-Count Constraint for Offline Reinforcement Learning3 Apr 2024
- 2023Identify, Estimate and Bound the Uncertainty of Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving12 May 2023
- 2022State Dropout-Based Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Self-Driving at Unsignalized Intersections10 Jul 2022
- 2022Influence of uncertainty estimation techniques on false-positive reduction in liver lesion detection22 Jun 2022
- 2022How to Learn from Risk: Explicit Risk-Utility Reinforcement Learning for Efficient and Safe Driving Strategies16 Mar 2022
- 2022Graph Convolution-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Agent Decision-Making in Mixed Traffic Environments30 Jan 2022
3 more
- 2021Decision-Making Technology for Autonomous Vehicles Learning-Based Methods, Applications and Future Outlook2 Jul 2021
- 2021Ensemble Quantile Networks: Uncertainty-Aware Reinforcement Learning with Applications in Autonomous Driving21 May 2021
- 2021Uncertainty Weighted Actor-Critic for Offline Reinforcement Learning17 May 2021
- 2021Ensemble Quantile Networks: Uncertainty-Aware Reinforcement Learning with Applications in Autonomous Drivingcited by 17
- 2022State Dropout-Based Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Self-Driving at Unsignalized Intersectionscited by 15
- 2024Autonomous Driving at Unsignalized Intersections: A Review of Decision-Making Challenges and Reinforcement Learning-Based Solutionscited by 7
- 2023Identify, Estimate and Bound the Uncertainty of Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 6
- 2022How to Learn from Risk: Explicit Risk-Utility Reinforcement Learning for Efficient and Safe Driving Strategiescited by 4
- 2025Evaluating Scenario-based Decision-making for Interactive Autonomous Driving Using Rational Criteria: A Surveycited by 1
- 2025Evaluating Scenario-based Decision-making for Interactive Autonomous Driving Using Rational Criteria: A Survey3 Jan 2025
- 2024Autonomous Driving at Unsignalized Intersections: A Review of Decision-Making Challenges and Reinforcement Learning-Based Solutions20 Sep 2024
- 2023Identify, Estimate and Bound the Uncertainty of Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving12 May 2023
- 2022State Dropout-Based Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Self-Driving at Unsignalized Intersections10 Jul 2022
- 2022How to Learn from Risk: Explicit Risk-Utility Reinforcement Learning for Efficient and Safe Driving Strategies16 Mar 2022
- 2021Ensemble Quantile Networks: Uncertainty-Aware Reinforcement Learning with Applications in Autonomous Driving21 May 2021
- 2021Decision-Making Technology for Autonomous Vehicles Learning-Based Methods, Applications and Future Outlookcited by 14
- 2024Contextualized Hybrid Ensemble Q-learning: Learning Fast with Control Priorscited by 4
- 2022Influence of uncertainty estimation techniques on false-positive reduction in liver lesion detectioncited by 3
- 2022Graph Convolution-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Agent Decision-Making in Mixed Traffic Environmentscited by 1
- 2024Stepping Out of the Shadows: Reinforcement Learning in Shadow Modecited by 1
- 2024GITSR: Graph Interaction Transformer-based Scene Representation for Multi Vehicle Collaborative Decision-makingcited by 0
- 2025UAMDP: Uncertainty-Aware Markov Decision Process for Risk-Constrained Reinforcement Learning from Probabilistic Forecastscited by 0
- 2025UAMDP: Uncertainty-Aware Markov Decision Process for Risk-Constrained Reinforcement Learning from Probabilistic Forecasts9 Oct 2025
- 2024GITSR: Graph Interaction Transformer-based Scene Representation for Multi Vehicle Collaborative Decision-making3 Nov 2024
- 2024Stepping Out of the Shadows: Reinforcement Learning in Shadow Mode30 Oct 2024
- 2024Contextualized Hybrid Ensemble Q-learning: Learning Fast with Control Priors28 Jun 2024
- 2022Influence of uncertainty estimation techniques on false-positive reduction in liver lesion detection22 Jun 2022
- 2022Graph Convolution-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Agent Decision-Making in Mixed Traffic Environments30 Jan 2022
- 2021Decision-Making Technology for Autonomous Vehicles Learning-Based Methods, Applications and Future Outlook2 Jul 2021