Real-time single image depth perception in the wild with handheld devices
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Abstract (arXiv)
Depth perception is paramount to tackle real-world problems, ranging from autonomous driving to consumer applications. For the latter, depth estimation from a single image represents the most versatile solution, since a standard camera is available on almost any handheld device. Nonetheless, two main issues limit its practical deployment: i) the low reliability when deployed in-the-wild and ii) the demanding resource requirements to achieve real-time performance, often not compatible with such devices. Therefore, in this paper, we deeply investigate these issues showing how they are both addressable adopting appropriate network design and training strategies -- also outlining how to map the resulting networks on handheld devices to achieve real-time performance. Our thorough evaluation highlights the ability of such fast networks to generalize well to new environments, a crucial feature required to tackle the extremely varied contexts faced in real applications. Indeed, to further support this evidence, we report experimental results concerning real-time depth-aware augmented reality and image blurring with smartphones in-the-wild.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 10 Jun 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 4; 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 2; 2026: 2.
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- 2021Single Image Depth Prediction with Wavelet Decompositioncited by 34
- 2021Fast and Accurate Single-Image Depth Estimation on Mobile Devices, Mobile AI 2021 Challenge: Reportcited by 19
- 2021Boosting Light-Weight Depth Estimation Via Knowledge Distillationcited by 16
- 2023URCDC-Depth: Uncertainty Rectified Cross-Distillation with CutFlip for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 16
- 2022Lightweight Monocular Depth Estimation through Guided Decodingcited by 14
- 2021Real-time Monocular Depth Estimation with Sparse Supervision on Mobilecited by 12
- 2024The Third Monocular Depth Estimation Challengecited by 10
- 2025The Fourth Monocular Depth Estimation Challengecited by 8
- 2021Lightweight Monocular Depth with a Novel Neural Architecture Search Methodcited by 7
- 2023Virtual Occlusions Through Implicit Depthcited by 5
- 2025MonoTher-Depth: Enhancing Thermal Depth Estimation via Confidence-Aware Distillationcited by 5
- 2021Visual Domain Adaptation for Monocular Depth Estimation on Resource-Constrained Hardwarecited by 3
7 more
- 2022LightDepth: A Resource Efficient Depth Estimation Approach for Dealing with Ground Truth Sparsity via Curriculum Learningcited by 2
- 2024Promoting CNNs with Cross-Architecture Knowledge Distillation for Efficient Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 2
- 2021Machine Learning Subsystem for Autonomous Collision Avoidance on a small UAS with Embedded GPUcited by 1
- 2026ZipDepth: Bringing Lightweight Zero-Shot Monocular Depth Anywhere, on Any Devicecited by 1
- 2022Fast Neural Architecture Search for Lightweight Dense Prediction Networkscited by 0
- 2022Monitoring social distancing with single image depth estimationcited by 0
- 2026AUTOPILOT An Advanced Perception, Localization and Path Planning Techniques for Autonomous Vehicles Using YOLOv7 and MiDaScited by 0
- 2026AUTOPILOT An Advanced Perception, Localization and Path Planning Techniques for Autonomous Vehicles Using YOLOv7 and MiDaS5 Oct 2026
- 2026ZipDepth: Bringing Lightweight Zero-Shot Monocular Depth Anywhere, on Any Device9 Jul 2026
- 2025The Fourth Monocular Depth Estimation Challenge24 Apr 2025
- 2025MonoTher-Depth: Enhancing Thermal Depth Estimation via Confidence-Aware Distillation21 Apr 2025
- 2024The Third Monocular Depth Estimation Challenge25 Apr 2024
- 2024Promoting CNNs with Cross-Architecture Knowledge Distillation for Efficient Monocular Depth Estimation25 Apr 2024
- 2023Virtual Occlusions Through Implicit Depth11 May 2023
- 2023URCDC-Depth: Uncertainty Rectified Cross-Distillation with CutFlip for Monocular Depth Estimation16 Feb 2023
- 2022LightDepth: A Resource Efficient Depth Estimation Approach for Dealing with Ground Truth Sparsity via Curriculum Learning16 Nov 2022
- 2022Monitoring social distancing with single image depth estimation4 Apr 2022
- 2022Lightweight Monocular Depth Estimation through Guided Decoding8 Mar 2022
- 2022Fast Neural Architecture Search for Lightweight Dense Prediction Networks3 Mar 2022
7 more
- 2021Machine Learning Subsystem for Autonomous Collision Avoidance on a small UAS with Embedded GPU3 Dec 2021
- 2021Lightweight Monocular Depth with a Novel Neural Architecture Search Method25 Aug 2021
- 2021Visual Domain Adaptation for Monocular Depth Estimation on Resource-Constrained Hardware5 Aug 2021
- 2021Single Image Depth Prediction with Wavelet Decomposition3 Jun 2021
- 2021Real-time Monocular Depth Estimation with Sparse Supervision on Mobile25 May 2021
- 2021Fast and Accurate Single-Image Depth Estimation on Mobile Devices, Mobile AI 2021 Challenge: Report17 May 2021
- 2021Boosting Light-Weight Depth Estimation Via Knowledge Distillation13 May 2021
- 2021Single Image Depth Prediction with Wavelet Decompositioncited by 34
- 2021Fast and Accurate Single-Image Depth Estimation on Mobile Devices, Mobile AI 2021 Challenge: Reportcited by 19
- 2023URCDC-Depth: Uncertainty Rectified Cross-Distillation with CutFlip for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 16
- 2022Lightweight Monocular Depth Estimation through Guided Decodingcited by 14
- 2021Real-time Monocular Depth Estimation with Sparse Supervision on Mobilecited by 12
- 2024The Third Monocular Depth Estimation Challengecited by 10
- 2025The Fourth Monocular Depth Estimation Challengecited by 8
- 2021Lightweight Monocular Depth with a Novel Neural Architecture Search Methodcited by 7
- 2023Virtual Occlusions Through Implicit Depthcited by 5
- 2025MonoTher-Depth: Enhancing Thermal Depth Estimation via Confidence-Aware Distillationcited by 5
- 2021Visual Domain Adaptation for Monocular Depth Estimation on Resource-Constrained Hardwarecited by 3
- 2022LightDepth: A Resource Efficient Depth Estimation Approach for Dealing with Ground Truth Sparsity via Curriculum Learningcited by 2
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026AUTOPILOT An Advanced Perception, Localization and Path Planning Techniques for Autonomous Vehicles Using YOLOv7 and MiDaS5 Oct 2026
- 2026ZipDepth: Bringing Lightweight Zero-Shot Monocular Depth Anywhere, on Any Device9 Jul 2026
- 2025The Fourth Monocular Depth Estimation Challenge24 Apr 2025
- 2025MonoTher-Depth: Enhancing Thermal Depth Estimation via Confidence-Aware Distillation21 Apr 2025
- 2024The Third Monocular Depth Estimation Challenge25 Apr 2024
- 2023Virtual Occlusions Through Implicit Depth11 May 2023
- 2023URCDC-Depth: Uncertainty Rectified Cross-Distillation with CutFlip for Monocular Depth Estimation16 Feb 2023
- 2022LightDepth: A Resource Efficient Depth Estimation Approach for Dealing with Ground Truth Sparsity via Curriculum Learning16 Nov 2022
- 2022Monitoring social distancing with single image depth estimation4 Apr 2022
- 2022Lightweight Monocular Depth Estimation through Guided Decoding8 Mar 2022
- 2022Fast Neural Architecture Search for Lightweight Dense Prediction Networks3 Mar 2022
- 2021Machine Learning Subsystem for Autonomous Collision Avoidance on a small UAS with Embedded GPU3 Dec 2021
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)