Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Raw Eye Tracking Data Segmentation, Generation, and Reconstruction
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we use fully convolutional neural networks for the semantic segmentation of eye tracking data. We also use these networks for reconstruction, and in conjunction with a variational auto-encoder to generate eye movement data. The first improvement of our approach is that no input window is necessary, due to the use of fully convolutional networks and therefore any input size can be processed directly. The second improvement is that the used and generated data is raw eye tracking data (position X, Y and time) without preprocessing. This is achieved by pre-initializing the filters in the first layer and by building the input tensor along the z axis. We evaluated our approach on three publicly available datasets and compare the results to the state of the art.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 17 Feb 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 3; 2023: 1; 2024: 0; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
12 papers.
- 2021TEyeD: Over 20 million real-world eye images with Pupil, Eyelid, and Iris 2D and 3D Segmentations, 2D and 3D Landmarks, 3D Eyeball, Gaze Vector, and Eye Movement Typescited by 32
- 2021The Gaze and Mouse Signal as additional Source for User Fingerprints in Browser Applicationscited by 10
- 2022Pistol: Pupil Invisible Supportive Tool to extract Pupil, Iris, Eye Opening, Eye Movements, Pupil and Iris Gaze Vector, and 2D as well as 3D Gazecited by 9
- 2021A Multimodal Eye Movement Dataset and a Multimodal Eye Movement Segmentation Analysiscited by 7
- 20211000 Pupil Segmentations in a Second using Haar Like Features and Statistical Learningcited by 7
- 2021Maximum and Leaky Maximum Propagationcited by 4
- 2021Tensor Normalization and Full Distribution Trainingcited by 3
- 2022GroupGazer: A Tool to Compute the Gaze per Participant in Groups with integrated Calibration to Map the Gaze Online to a Screen or Beamer Projectioncited by 2
- 2023Area of interest adaption using feature importancecited by 1
- 2021Learning Oculomotor Behaviors from Scanpathcited by 0
- 2022Technical Report: Combining knowledge from Transfer Learning during training and Wide Resnetscited by 0
- 2026EyeMakeYou: Identity-, Task-, and Subjective-State-Conditioned Diffusion for High-Frequency Gaze Synthesiscited by 0
- 2026EyeMakeYou: Identity-, Task-, and Subjective-State-Conditioned Diffusion for High-Frequency Gaze Synthesis3 Sep 2026
- 2023Area of interest adaption using feature importance3 Mar 2023
- 2022Technical Report: Combining knowledge from Transfer Learning during training and Wide Resnets20 Jun 2022
- 2022GroupGazer: A Tool to Compute the Gaze per Participant in Groups with integrated Calibration to Map the Gaze Online to a Screen or Beamer Projection19 Jan 2022
- 2022Pistol: Pupil Invisible Supportive Tool to extract Pupil, Iris, Eye Opening, Eye Movements, Pupil and Iris Gaze Vector, and 2D as well as 3D Gaze18 Jan 2022
- 2021Tensor Normalization and Full Distribution Training6 Sep 2021
- 2021Learning Oculomotor Behaviors from Scanpath11 Aug 2021
- 2021Maximum and Leaky Maximum Propagation21 May 2021
- 2021TEyeD: Over 20 million real-world eye images with Pupil, Eyelid, and Iris 2D and 3D Segmentations, 2D and 3D Landmarks, 3D Eyeball, Gaze Vector, and Eye Movement Types3 Feb 2021
- 20211000 Pupil Segmentations in a Second using Haar Like Features and Statistical Learning3 Feb 2021
- 2021A Multimodal Eye Movement Dataset and a Multimodal Eye Movement Segmentation Analysis12 Jan 2021
- 2021The Gaze and Mouse Signal as additional Source for User Fingerprints in Browser Applications11 Jan 2021