mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Learning to Prove Theorems by Learning to Generate Theorems

arXiv 2002.07019 ↗First posted 17 Feb 2020cs.LO cs.AI cs.LGcited by 43

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Abstract (arXiv)

We consider the task of automated theorem proving, a key AI task. Deep learning has shown promise for training theorem provers, but there are limited human-written theorems and proofs available for supervised learning. To address this limitation, we propose to learn a neural generator that automatically synthesizes theorems and proofs for the purpose of training a theorem prover. Experiments on real-world tasks demonstrate that synthetic data from our approach improves the theorem prover and advances the state of the art of automated theorem proving in Metamath. Code is available at https://github.com/princeton-vl/MetaGen.

Key facts. Cited by 43 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 17 Feb 2020.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 4; 2023: 8; 2024: 18; 2025: 7; 2026: 2.

43 papers.

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  1. 2023LeanDojo: Theorem Proving with Retrieval-Augmented Language Modelscited by 414
  2. 2024DeepSeek-Prover: Advancing Theorem Proving in LLMs through Large-Scale Synthetic Datacited by 225
  3. 2022HyperTree Proof Search for Neural Theorem Provingcited by 192
  4. 2021Explaining Answers with Entailment Treescited by 148
  5. 2021Proof Artifact Co-training for Theorem Proving with Language Modelscited by 130
  6. 2023LEGO-Prover: Neural Theorem Proving with Growing Librariescited by 108
  7. 2021NaturalProofs: Mathematical Theorem Proving in Natural Languagecited by 80
  8. 2025STP: Self-play LLM Theorem Provers with Iterative Conjecturing and Provingcited by 77
  9. 2024A Survey on Deep Learning for Theorem Provingcited by 55
  10. 2024Lean Copilot: Large Language Models as Copilots for Theorem Proving in Leancited by 52
  11. 2024Learning Formal Mathematics From Intrinsic Motivationcited by 45
  12. 2024MUSTARD: Mastering Uniform Synthesis of Theorem and Proof Datacited by 43
31 more
  1. 2023Forward-Backward Reasoning in Large Language Models for Mathematical Verificationcited by 39
  2. 2025Solving Formal Math Problems by Decomposition and Iterative Reflectioncited by 35
  3. 2024LeanAgent: Lifelong Learning for Formal Theorem Provingcited by 34
  4. 2024CodeIt: Self-Improving Language Models with Prioritized Hindsight Replaycited by 23
  5. 2024Consistent Autoformalization for Constructing Mathematical Librariescited by 20
  6. 2023Can neural networks do arithmetic? A survey on the elementary numerical skills of state-of-the-art deep learning modelscited by 18
  7. 2024Pantograph: A Machine-to-Machine Interaction Interface for Advanced Theorem Proving, High Level Reasoning, and Data Extraction in Lean 4cited by 15
  8. 2024Learn from Failure: Fine-Tuning LLMs with Trial-and-Error Data for Intuitionistic Propositional Logic Provingcited by 11
  9. 2022A Survey in Mathematical Language Processingcited by 9
  10. 2023Abstract Visual Reasoning: An Algebraic Approach for Solving Raven's Progressive Matricescited by 9
  11. 2024REFACTOR: Learning to Extract Theorems from Proofscited by 9
  12. 2021Training a First-Order Theorem Prover from Synthetic Datacited by 8
  13. 2024Can Transformers Do Enumerative Geometry?cited by 8
  14. 2023Teaching Probabilistic Logical Reasoning to Transformerscited by 7
  15. 2023Learning to Compute Gr"obner Basescited by 7
  16. 2025Lean Finder: Semantic Search for Mathlib That Understands User Intentscited by 7
  17. 2024ATG: Benchmarking Automated Theorem Generation for Generative Language Modelscited by 6
  18. 20243D-Prover: Diversity Driven Theorem Proving With Determinantal Point Processescited by 6
  19. 2022Learning to Find Proofs and Theorems by Learning to Refine Search Strategies: The Case of Loop Invariant Synthesiscited by 5
  20. 2025Steering LLMs for Formal Theorem Provingcited by 4
  21. 2026Learning to Disprove: Formal Counterexample Generation with Large Language Modelscited by 4
  22. 2024Alchemy: Amplifying Theorem-Proving Capability through Symbolic Mutationcited by 3
  23. 2023Enhancing Neural Theorem Proving through Data Augmentation and Dynamic Sampling Methodcited by 2
  24. 2024Application of AI to formal methods - an analysis of current trendscited by 2
  25. 2025Building A Proof-Oriented Programmer That Is 64% Better Than GPT-4o Under Data Scarcitycited by 2
  26. 2025Local Look-Ahead Guidance via Verifier-in-the-Loop for Automated Theorem Provingcited by 2
  27. 2025Saturation-Driven Dataset Generation for LLM Mathematical Reasoning in the TPTP Ecosystemcited by 2
  28. 2022Learning to Prove Trigonometric Identitiescited by 1
  29. 2024GANsemble for Small and Imbalanced Data Sets: A Baseline for Synthetic Microplastics Datacited by 1
  30. 2026From Solvers to Research: Large Language Model-Driven Formal Mathematics at the Research Frontiercited by 1
  31. 2024EvoGPT-f: An Evolutionary GPT Framework for Benchmarking Formal Math Languagescited by 0