Falcon 2.0: An Entity and Relation Linking Tool over Wikidata
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Abstract (arXiv)
The Natural Language Processing (NLP) community has significantly contributed to the solutions for entity and relation recognition from the text, and possibly linking them to proper matches in Knowledge Graphs (KGs). Considering Wikidata as the background KG, still, there are limited tools to link knowledge within the text to Wikidata. In this paper, we present Falcon 2.0, first joint entity, and relation linking tool over Wikidata. It receives a short natural language text in the English language and outputs a ranked list of entities and relations annotated with the proper candidates in Wikidata. The candidates are represented by their Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) in Wikidata. Falcon 2.0 resorts to the English language model for the recognition task (e.g., N-Gram tiling and N-Gram splitting), and then an optimization approach for linking task. We have empirically studied the performance of Falcon 2.0 on Wikidata and concluded that it outperforms all the existing baselines. Falcon 2.0 is public and can be reused by the community; all the required instructions of Falcon 2.0 are well-documented at our GitHub repository. We also demonstrate an online API, which can be run without any technical expertise. Falcon 2.0 and its background knowledge bases are available as resources at https://labs.tib.eu/falcon/falcon2/.
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 24 Dec 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 3; 2023: 4; 2024: 4; 2025: 3.
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- 2024CypherBench: Towards Precise Retrieval over Full-scale Modern Knowledge Graphs in the LLM Eracited by 16
- 2021A Two-Stage Approach towards Generalization in Knowledge Base Question Answeringcited by 15
- 2021Generative Relation Linking for Question Answering over Knowledge Basescited by 14
- 2022BLINK with Elasticsearch for Efficient Entity Linking in Business Conversationscited by 13
- 2022Improving Candidate Retrieval with Entity Profile Generation for Wikidata Entity Linkingcited by 10
- 2021HopfE: Knowledge Graph Representation Learning using Inverse Hopf Fibrationscited by 9
- 2021Survey on English Entity Linking on Wikidatacited by 6
- 2023MarkQA: A large scale KBQA dataset with numerical reasoningcited by 6
- 2022Instilling Type Knowledge in Language Models via Multi-Task QAcited by 5
- 2023Linking Surface Facts to Large-Scale Knowledge Graphscited by 5
- 2024SPARKLE: Enhancing SPARQL Generation with Direct KG Integration in Decodingcited by 5
- 2021Better Call the Plumber: Orchestrating Dynamic Information Extraction Pipelinescited by 4
9 more
- 2024Konstruktor: A Strong Baseline for Simple Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 3
- 2023How Contentious Terms About People and Cultures are Used in Linked Open Datacited by 2
- 2025Evaluation of LLMs on Long-tail Entity Linking in Historical Documentscited by 2
- 2025MultiHal: Multilingual Dataset for Knowledge-Graph Grounded Evaluation of LLM Hallucinationscited by 2
- 2021EABlock: A Declarative Entity Alignment Block for Knowledge Graph Creation Pipelinescited by 1
- 2021Semantic Answer Type and Relation Prediction Task (SMART 2021)cited by 1
- 2023An Evaluation Framework for Mapping News Headlines to Event Classes in a Knowledge Graphcited by 1
- 2024Empowering machine learning models with contextual knowledge for enhancing the detection of eating disorders in social media postscited by 1
- 2025The benefits of query-based KGQA systems for complex and temporal questions in LLM eracited by 1
- 2025The benefits of query-based KGQA systems for complex and temporal questions in LLM era16 Jul 2025
- 2025MultiHal: Multilingual Dataset for Knowledge-Graph Grounded Evaluation of LLM Hallucinations20 May 2025
- 2025Evaluation of LLMs on Long-tail Entity Linking in Historical Documents6 May 2025
- 2024CypherBench: Towards Precise Retrieval over Full-scale Modern Knowledge Graphs in the LLM Era24 Dec 2024
- 2024Konstruktor: A Strong Baseline for Simple Knowledge Graph Question Answering24 Sep 2024
- 2024SPARKLE: Enhancing SPARQL Generation with Direct KG Integration in Decoding29 Jun 2024
- 2024Empowering machine learning models with contextual knowledge for enhancing the detection of eating disorders in social media posts8 Feb 2024
- 2023An Evaluation Framework for Mapping News Headlines to Event Classes in a Knowledge Graph4 Dec 2023
- 2023How Contentious Terms About People and Cultures are Used in Linked Open Data13 Nov 2023
- 2023MarkQA: A large scale KBQA dataset with numerical reasoning24 Oct 2023
- 2023Linking Surface Facts to Large-Scale Knowledge Graphs23 Oct 2023
- 2022BLINK with Elasticsearch for Efficient Entity Linking in Business Conversations9 May 2022
9 more
- 2022Instilling Type Knowledge in Language Models via Multi-Task QA28 Apr 2022
- 2022Improving Candidate Retrieval with Entity Profile Generation for Wikidata Entity Linking27 Feb 2022
- 2021EABlock: A Declarative Entity Alignment Block for Knowledge Graph Creation Pipelines14 Dec 2021
- 2021Semantic Answer Type and Relation Prediction Task (SMART 2021)7 Dec 2021
- 2021Survey on English Entity Linking on Wikidata3 Dec 2021
- 2021A Two-Stage Approach towards Generalization in Knowledge Base Question Answering10 Nov 2021
- 2021Generative Relation Linking for Question Answering over Knowledge Bases16 Aug 2021
- 2021HopfE: Knowledge Graph Representation Learning using Inverse Hopf Fibrations12 Aug 2021
- 2021Better Call the Plumber: Orchestrating Dynamic Information Extraction Pipelines22 Feb 2021
- 2024CypherBench: Towards Precise Retrieval over Full-scale Modern Knowledge Graphs in the LLM Eracited by 16
- 2021A Two-Stage Approach towards Generalization in Knowledge Base Question Answeringcited by 15
- 2021Generative Relation Linking for Question Answering over Knowledge Basescited by 14
- 2022BLINK with Elasticsearch for Efficient Entity Linking in Business Conversationscited by 13
- 2022Improving Candidate Retrieval with Entity Profile Generation for Wikidata Entity Linkingcited by 10
- 2021HopfE: Knowledge Graph Representation Learning using Inverse Hopf Fibrationscited by 9
- 2021Survey on English Entity Linking on Wikidatacited by 6
- 2023MarkQA: A large scale KBQA dataset with numerical reasoningcited by 6
- 2022Instilling Type Knowledge in Language Models via Multi-Task QAcited by 5
- 2023Linking Surface Facts to Large-Scale Knowledge Graphscited by 5
- 2024SPARKLE: Enhancing SPARQL Generation with Direct KG Integration in Decodingcited by 5
- 2021Better Call the Plumber: Orchestrating Dynamic Information Extraction Pipelinescited by 4
12 most cited of 20 All 20 (JSON)
- 2025MultiHal: Multilingual Dataset for Knowledge-Graph Grounded Evaluation of LLM Hallucinations20 May 2025
- 2025Evaluation of LLMs on Long-tail Entity Linking in Historical Documents6 May 2025
- 2024CypherBench: Towards Precise Retrieval over Full-scale Modern Knowledge Graphs in the LLM Era24 Dec 2024
- 2024Konstruktor: A Strong Baseline for Simple Knowledge Graph Question Answering24 Sep 2024
- 2024SPARKLE: Enhancing SPARQL Generation with Direct KG Integration in Decoding29 Jun 2024
- 2024Empowering machine learning models with contextual knowledge for enhancing the detection of eating disorders in social media posts8 Feb 2024
- 2023An Evaluation Framework for Mapping News Headlines to Event Classes in a Knowledge Graph4 Dec 2023
- 2023How Contentious Terms About People and Cultures are Used in Linked Open Data13 Nov 2023
- 2023MarkQA: A large scale KBQA dataset with numerical reasoning24 Oct 2023
- 2023Linking Surface Facts to Large-Scale Knowledge Graphs23 Oct 2023
- 2022BLINK with Elasticsearch for Efficient Entity Linking in Business Conversations9 May 2022
- 2022Instilling Type Knowledge in Language Models via Multi-Task QA28 Apr 2022
12 newest of 20 All 20 (JSON)