Interactive Sketch & Fill: Multiclass Sketch-to-Image Translation
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Abstract (arXiv)
We propose an interactive GAN-based sketch-to-image translation method that helps novice users create images of simple objects. As the user starts to draw a sketch of a desired object type, the network interactively recommends plausible completions, and shows a corresponding synthesized image to the user. This enables a feedback loop, where the user can edit their sketch based on the network's recommendations, visualizing both the completed shape and final rendered image while they draw. In order to use a single trained model across a wide array of object classes, we introduce a gating-based approach for class conditioning, which allows us to generate distinct classes without feature mixing, from a single generator network. Video available at our website: https://arnabgho.github.io/iSketchNFill/.
Key facts. Cited by 51 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 24 Sep 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 13; 2022: 13; 2023: 12; 2024: 6; 2025: 6; 2026: 1.
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- 2021GAN Inversion: A Surveycited by 367
- 2022Sketch-Guided Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 180
- 2021Multimodal Conditional Image Synthesis with Product-of-Experts GANscited by 75
- 20223DALL-E: Integrating Text-to-Image AI in 3D Design Workflowscited by 41
- 2021M6-UFC: Unifying Multi-Modal Controls for Conditional Image Synthesis via Non-Autoregressive Generative Transformerscited by 36
- 2025IMAGGarment: Fine-Grained Garment Generation for Controllable Fashion Designcited by 36
- 2023Picture that Sketch: Photorealistic Image Generation from Abstract Sketchescited by 34
- 2021SketchEdit: Mask-Free Local Image Manipulation with Partial Sketchescited by 33
- 2022Probabilistic Compositional Embeddings for Multimodal Image Retrievalcited by 29
- 2024It's All About Your Sketch: Democratising Sketch Control in Diffusion Modelscited by 29
- 2022Sketching without Worrying: Noise-Tolerant Sketch-Based Image Retrievalcited by 27
- 2023MaskSketch: Unpaired Structure-guided Masked Image Generationcited by 27
38 more
- 2021Towards Open-World Text-Guided Face Image Generation and Manipulationcited by 25
- 2023AI-Generated Content (AIGC) for Various Data Modalities: A Surveycited by 25
- 2021Adversarial Open Domain Adaptation for Sketch-to-Photo Synthesiscited by 24
- 2024ScribbleLight: Single Image Indoor Relighting with Scribblescited by 24
- 2022Partially Does It: Towards Scene-Level FG-SBIR with Partial Inputcited by 20
- 2023SmartMask: Context Aware High-Fidelity Mask Generation for Fine-grained Object Insertion and Layout Controlcited by 18
- 2023Sketch2Saliency: Learning to Detect Salient Objects from Human Drawingscited by 17
- 2022CoGS: Controllable Generation and Search from Sketch and Stylecited by 14
- 2021Facial-Sketch Synthesis: A New Challengecited by 13
- 2023DiffSketching: Sketch Control Image Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 10
- 2021Conditional Temporal Variational AutoEncoder for Action Video Predictioncited by 9
- 2021One Sketch for All: One-Shot Personalized Sketch Segmentationcited by 9
- 2021dualFace:Two-Stage Drawing Guidance for Freehand Portrait Sketchingcited by 8
- 2021Deep Image Synthesis from Intuitive User Input: A Review and Perspectivescited by 8
- 2022Image Search with Text Feedback by Additive Attention Compositional Learningcited by 7
- 2023AniFaceDrawing: Anime Portrait Exploration during Your Sketchingcited by 7
- 2025LOTS of Fashion! Multi-Conditioning for Image Generation via Sketch-Text Pairingcited by 7
- 2022Paint2Pix: Interactive Painting based Progressive Image Synthesis and Editingcited by 6
- 2022DeepPortraitDrawing: Generating Human Body Images from Freehand Sketchescited by 5
- 2024LineArt: A Knowledge-guided Training-free High-quality Appearance Transfer for Design Drawing with Diffusion Modelcited by 5
- 2022BOSS: Bottom-up Cross-modal Semantic Composition with Hybrid Counterfactual Training for Robust Content-based Image Retrievalcited by 4
- 2022Unsupervised Scene Sketch to Photo Synthesiscited by 4
- 2025SketchFusion: Learning Universal Sketch Features through Fusing Foundation Modelscited by 4
- 2021ACNet: Approaching-and-Centralizing Network for Zero-Shot Sketch-Based Image Retrievalcited by 3
- 2023Towards Flexible, Scalable, and Adaptive Multi-Modal Conditioned Face Synthesiscited by 3
- 2023Inversion-by-Inversion: Exemplar-based Sketch-to-Photo Synthesis via Stochastic Differential Equations without Trainingcited by 2
- 2024U-Sketch: An Efficient Approach for Sketch to Image Diffusion Modelscited by 2
- 2021Adversarial Open Domain Adaption Framework (AODA): Sketch-to-Photo Synthesiscited by 1
- 2022A Creative Industry Image Generation Dataset Based on Captionscited by 1
- 2023Interactive Neural Paintingcited by 1
- 2023Collaborative Neural Paintingcited by 1
- 2024Artistic Intelligence: A Diffusion-Based Framework for High-Fidelity Landscape Painting Synthesiscited by 1
- 2022Semantics-Preserving Sketch Embedding for Face Generationcited by 0
- 2023Text-Guided Scene Sketch-to-Photo Synthesiscited by 0
- 2024Thing2Reality: Transforming 2D Content into Conditioned Multiviews and 3D Gaussian Objects for XR Communicationcited by 0
- 2025Prompt-Guided Attention Head Selection for Focus-Oriented Image Retrievalcited by 0
- 2025Doodle Your Keypoints: Sketch-Based Few-Shot Keypoint Detectioncited by 0
- 2025Interactive Drawing Guidance for Anime Illustrations with Diffusion Modelcited by 0
50 most cited of 51 All 51 (JSON)
- 2026Multi-Level Conditioning by Pairing Localized Text and Sketch for Fashion Image Generation20 Feb 2026
- 2025LOTS of Fashion! Multi-Conditioning for Image Generation via Sketch-Text Pairing30 Jul 2025
- 2025Interactive Drawing Guidance for Anime Illustrations with Diffusion Model12 Jul 2025
- 2025Doodle Your Keypoints: Sketch-Based Few-Shot Keypoint Detection10 Jul 2025
- 2025IMAGGarment: Fine-Grained Garment Generation for Controllable Fashion Design17 Apr 2025
- 2025Prompt-Guided Attention Head Selection for Focus-Oriented Image Retrieval2 Apr 2025
- 2025SketchFusion: Learning Universal Sketch Features through Fusing Foundation Models18 Mar 2025
- 2024LineArt: A Knowledge-guided Training-free High-quality Appearance Transfer for Design Drawing with Diffusion Model16 Dec 2024
- 2024ScribbleLight: Single Image Indoor Relighting with Scribbles26 Nov 2024
- 2024Thing2Reality: Transforming 2D Content into Conditioned Multiviews and 3D Gaussian Objects for XR Communication9 Oct 2024
- 2024Artistic Intelligence: A Diffusion-Based Framework for High-Fidelity Landscape Painting Synthesis24 Jul 2024
- 2024U-Sketch: An Efficient Approach for Sketch to Image Diffusion Models27 Mar 2024
38 more
- 2024It's All About Your Sketch: Democratising Sketch Control in Diffusion Models12 Mar 2024
- 2023Towards Flexible, Scalable, and Adaptive Multi-Modal Conditioned Face Synthesis26 Dec 2023
- 2023SmartMask: Context Aware High-Fidelity Mask Generation for Fine-grained Object Insertion and Layout Control8 Dec 2023
- 2023Collaborative Neural Painting4 Dec 2023
- 2023AI-Generated Content (AIGC) for Various Data Modalities: A Survey27 Aug 2023
- 2023Inversion-by-Inversion: Exemplar-based Sketch-to-Photo Synthesis via Stochastic Differential Equations without Training15 Aug 2023
- 2023Interactive Neural Painting31 Jul 2023
- 2023AniFaceDrawing: Anime Portrait Exploration during Your Sketching13 Jun 2023
- 2023DiffSketching: Sketch Control Image Synthesis with Diffusion Models30 May 2023
- 2023Sketch2Saliency: Learning to Detect Salient Objects from Human Drawings20 Mar 2023
- 2023Picture that Sketch: Photorealistic Image Generation from Abstract Sketches20 Mar 2023
- 2023Text-Guided Scene Sketch-to-Photo Synthesis14 Feb 2023
- 2023MaskSketch: Unpaired Structure-guided Masked Image Generation10 Feb 2023
- 2022Sketch-Guided Text-to-Image Diffusion Models24 Nov 2022
- 2022Semantics-Preserving Sketch Embedding for Face Generation23 Nov 2022
- 2022A Creative Industry Image Generation Dataset Based on Captions16 Nov 2022
- 20223DALL-E: Integrating Text-to-Image AI in 3D Design Workflows20 Oct 2022
- 2022Unsupervised Scene Sketch to Photo Synthesis6 Sep 2022
- 2022Paint2Pix: Interactive Painting based Progressive Image Synthesis and Editing17 Aug 2022
- 2022BOSS: Bottom-up Cross-modal Semantic Composition with Hybrid Counterfactual Training for Robust Content-based Image Retrieval9 Jul 2022
- 2022DeepPortraitDrawing: Generating Human Body Images from Freehand Sketches4 May 2022
- 2022Probabilistic Compositional Embeddings for Multimodal Image Retrieval12 Apr 2022
- 2022Sketching without Worrying: Noise-Tolerant Sketch-Based Image Retrieval28 Mar 2022
- 2022Partially Does It: Towards Scene-Level FG-SBIR with Partial Input28 Mar 2022
- 2022CoGS: Controllable Generation and Search from Sketch and Style17 Mar 2022
- 2022Image Search with Text Feedback by Additive Attention Compositional Learning8 Mar 2022
- 2021Facial-Sketch Synthesis: A New Challenge31 Dec 2021
- 2021One Sketch for All: One-Shot Personalized Sketch Segmentation20 Dec 2021
- 2021Multimodal Conditional Image Synthesis with Product-of-Experts GANs9 Dec 2021
- 2021SketchEdit: Mask-Free Local Image Manipulation with Partial Sketches30 Nov 2021
- 2021ACNet: Approaching-and-Centralizing Network for Zero-Shot Sketch-Based Image Retrieval24 Nov 2021
- 2021Conditional Temporal Variational AutoEncoder for Action Video Prediction12 Aug 2021
- 2021Adversarial Open Domain Adaption Framework (AODA): Sketch-to-Photo Synthesis28 Jul 2021
- 2021Deep Image Synthesis from Intuitive User Input: A Review and Perspectives9 Jul 2021
- 2021M6-UFC: Unifying Multi-Modal Controls for Conditional Image Synthesis via Non-Autoregressive Generative Transformers29 May 2021
- 2021dualFace:Two-Stage Drawing Guidance for Freehand Portrait Sketching26 Apr 2021
- 2021Towards Open-World Text-Guided Face Image Generation and Manipulation18 Apr 2021
- 2021Adversarial Open Domain Adaptation for Sketch-to-Photo Synthesis12 Apr 2021
50 newest of 51 All 51 (JSON)
- 2022Sketch-Guided Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 180
- 2024It's All About Your Sketch: Democratising Sketch Control in Diffusion Modelscited by 29
- 2023SmartMask: Context Aware High-Fidelity Mask Generation for Fine-grained Object Insertion and Layout Controlcited by 18
- 2023DiffSketching: Sketch Control Image Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 10
- 2024LineArt: A Knowledge-guided Training-free High-quality Appearance Transfer for Design Drawing with Diffusion Modelcited by 5
- 2024U-Sketch: An Efficient Approach for Sketch to Image Diffusion Modelscited by 2
- 2023Text-Guided Scene Sketch-to-Photo Synthesiscited by 0
- 2025Interactive Drawing Guidance for Anime Illustrations with Diffusion Modelcited by 0
- 2025Interactive Drawing Guidance for Anime Illustrations with Diffusion Model12 Jul 2025
- 2024LineArt: A Knowledge-guided Training-free High-quality Appearance Transfer for Design Drawing with Diffusion Model16 Dec 2024
- 2024U-Sketch: An Efficient Approach for Sketch to Image Diffusion Models27 Mar 2024
- 2024It's All About Your Sketch: Democratising Sketch Control in Diffusion Models12 Mar 2024
- 2023SmartMask: Context Aware High-Fidelity Mask Generation for Fine-grained Object Insertion and Layout Control8 Dec 2023
- 2023DiffSketching: Sketch Control Image Synthesis with Diffusion Models30 May 2023
- 2023Text-Guided Scene Sketch-to-Photo Synthesis14 Feb 2023
- 2022Sketch-Guided Text-to-Image Diffusion Models24 Nov 2022
- 2021GAN Inversion: A Surveycited by 367
- 2021Multimodal Conditional Image Synthesis with Product-of-Experts GANscited by 75
- 20223DALL-E: Integrating Text-to-Image AI in 3D Design Workflowscited by 41
- 2021M6-UFC: Unifying Multi-Modal Controls for Conditional Image Synthesis via Non-Autoregressive Generative Transformerscited by 36
- 2025IMAGGarment: Fine-Grained Garment Generation for Controllable Fashion Designcited by 36
- 2023Picture that Sketch: Photorealistic Image Generation from Abstract Sketchescited by 34
- 2021SketchEdit: Mask-Free Local Image Manipulation with Partial Sketchescited by 33
- 2022Probabilistic Compositional Embeddings for Multimodal Image Retrievalcited by 29
- 2022Sketching without Worrying: Noise-Tolerant Sketch-Based Image Retrievalcited by 27
- 2023MaskSketch: Unpaired Structure-guided Masked Image Generationcited by 27
- 2021Towards Open-World Text-Guided Face Image Generation and Manipulationcited by 25
- 2023AI-Generated Content (AIGC) for Various Data Modalities: A Surveycited by 25
12 most cited of 43 All 43 (JSON)
- 2026Multi-Level Conditioning by Pairing Localized Text and Sketch for Fashion Image Generation20 Feb 2026
- 2025LOTS of Fashion! Multi-Conditioning for Image Generation via Sketch-Text Pairing30 Jul 2025
- 2025Doodle Your Keypoints: Sketch-Based Few-Shot Keypoint Detection10 Jul 2025
- 2025IMAGGarment: Fine-Grained Garment Generation for Controllable Fashion Design17 Apr 2025
- 2025Prompt-Guided Attention Head Selection for Focus-Oriented Image Retrieval2 Apr 2025
- 2025SketchFusion: Learning Universal Sketch Features through Fusing Foundation Models18 Mar 2025
- 2024ScribbleLight: Single Image Indoor Relighting with Scribbles26 Nov 2024
- 2024Thing2Reality: Transforming 2D Content into Conditioned Multiviews and 3D Gaussian Objects for XR Communication9 Oct 2024
- 2024Artistic Intelligence: A Diffusion-Based Framework for High-Fidelity Landscape Painting Synthesis24 Jul 2024
- 2023Towards Flexible, Scalable, and Adaptive Multi-Modal Conditioned Face Synthesis26 Dec 2023
- 2023Collaborative Neural Painting4 Dec 2023
- 2023AI-Generated Content (AIGC) for Various Data Modalities: A Survey27 Aug 2023
12 newest of 43 All 43 (JSON)