Overton: A Data System for Monitoring and Improving Machine-Learned Products
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Abstract (arXiv)
We describe a system called Overton, whose main design goal is to support engineers in building, monitoring, and improving production machine learning systems. Key challenges engineers face are monitoring fine-grained quality, diagnosing errors in sophisticated applications, and handling contradictory or incomplete supervision data. Overton automates the life cycle of model construction, deployment, and monitoring by providing a set of novel high-level, declarative abstractions. Overton's vision is to shift developers to these higher-level tasks instead of lower-level machine learning tasks. In fact, using Overton, engineers can build deep-learning-based applications without writing any code in frameworks like TensorFlow. For over a year, Overton has been used in production to support multiple applications in both near-real-time applications and back-of-house processing. In that time, Overton-based applications have answered billions of queries in multiple languages and processed trillions of records reducing errors 1.7-2.9 times versus production systems.
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 7 Sep 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 6; 2023: 2; 2024: 3; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.
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- 2023DataComp: In search of the next generation of multimodal datasetscited by 635
- 2021Collaboration Challenges in Building ML-Enabled Systems: Communication, Documentation, Engineering, and Processcited by 56
- 2021A Data Quality-Driven View of MLOpscited by 31
- 2021Universalizing Weak Supervisioncited by 27
- 2022Management of Machine Learning Lifecycle Artifacts: A Surveycited by 13
- 2022Nemo: Guiding and Contextualizing Weak Supervision for Interactive Data Programmingcited by 10
- 2022Lifting Weak Supervision To Structured Predictioncited by 10
- 2021Looper: An end-to-end ML platform for product decisionscited by 9
- 2026Predictive Query Language: A Domain-Specific Language for Predictive Modeling on Relational Databasescited by 8
- 2021Ember: No-Code Context Enrichment via Similarity-Based Keyless Joinscited by 7
- 2022AutoWS-Bench-101: Benchmarking Automated Weak Supervision with 100 Labelscited by 7
- 2021Managing ML Pipelines: Feature Stores and the Coming Wave of Embedding Ecosystemscited by 6
9 more
- 2024Maintainability Challenges in ML: A Systematic Literature Reviewcited by 5
- 2021Declarative Machine Learning Systemscited by 4
- 2023AutoML in Heavily Constrained Applicationscited by 3
- 2024Towards Trustworthy Machine Learning in Production: An Overview of the Robustness in MLOps Approachcited by 3
- 2026OpenJarvis: Personal AI, On Personal Devicescited by 2
- 2022Fantastic Data and How to Query Themcited by 1
- 2024Leveraging Large Language Models for Structure Learning in Prompted Weak Supervisioncited by 1
- 2022Generative Modeling Helps Weak Supervision (and Vice Versa)cited by 0
- 2025Scalability and Maintainability Challenges and Solutions in Machine Learning: Systematic Literature Reviewcited by 0
- 2026OpenJarvis: Personal AI, On Personal Devices16 May 2026
- 2026Predictive Query Language: A Domain-Specific Language for Predictive Modeling on Relational Databases10 Feb 2026
- 2025Scalability and Maintainability Challenges and Solutions in Machine Learning: Systematic Literature Review15 Apr 2025
- 2024Towards Trustworthy Machine Learning in Production: An Overview of the Robustness in MLOps Approach28 Oct 2024
- 2024Maintainability Challenges in ML: A Systematic Literature Review17 Aug 2024
- 2024Leveraging Large Language Models for Structure Learning in Prompted Weak Supervision2 Feb 2024
- 2023AutoML in Heavily Constrained Applications29 Jun 2023
- 2023DataComp: In search of the next generation of multimodal datasets27 Apr 2023
- 2022Lifting Weak Supervision To Structured Prediction24 Nov 2022
- 2022Management of Machine Learning Lifecycle Artifacts: A Survey21 Oct 2022
- 2022AutoWS-Bench-101: Benchmarking Automated Weak Supervision with 100 Labels30 Aug 2022
- 2022Generative Modeling Helps Weak Supervision (and Vice Versa)22 Mar 2022
9 more
- 2022Nemo: Guiding and Contextualizing Weak Supervision for Interactive Data Programming2 Mar 2022
- 2022Fantastic Data and How to Query Them13 Jan 2022
- 2021Universalizing Weak Supervision7 Dec 2021
- 2021Collaboration Challenges in Building ML-Enabled Systems: Communication, Documentation, Engineering, and Process19 Oct 2021
- 2021Looper: An end-to-end ML platform for product decisions14 Oct 2021
- 2021Managing ML Pipelines: Feature Stores and the Coming Wave of Embedding Ecosystems11 Aug 2021
- 2021Declarative Machine Learning Systems16 Jul 2021
- 2021Ember: No-Code Context Enrichment via Similarity-Based Keyless Joins2 Jun 2021
- 2021A Data Quality-Driven View of MLOps15 Feb 2021
- 2021Collaboration Challenges in Building ML-Enabled Systems: Communication, Documentation, Engineering, and Processcited by 56
- 2021A Data Quality-Driven View of MLOpscited by 31
- 2021Universalizing Weak Supervisioncited by 27
- 2022Management of Machine Learning Lifecycle Artifacts: A Surveycited by 13
- 2022Nemo: Guiding and Contextualizing Weak Supervision for Interactive Data Programmingcited by 10
- 2022Lifting Weak Supervision To Structured Predictioncited by 10
- 2021Looper: An end-to-end ML platform for product decisionscited by 9
- 2026Predictive Query Language: A Domain-Specific Language for Predictive Modeling on Relational Databasescited by 8
- 2021Ember: No-Code Context Enrichment via Similarity-Based Keyless Joinscited by 7
- 2022AutoWS-Bench-101: Benchmarking Automated Weak Supervision with 100 Labelscited by 7
- 2021Managing ML Pipelines: Feature Stores and the Coming Wave of Embedding Ecosystemscited by 6
- 2024Maintainability Challenges in ML: A Systematic Literature Reviewcited by 5
12 most cited of 20 All 20 (JSON)
- 2026OpenJarvis: Personal AI, On Personal Devices16 May 2026
- 2026Predictive Query Language: A Domain-Specific Language for Predictive Modeling on Relational Databases10 Feb 2026
- 2025Scalability and Maintainability Challenges and Solutions in Machine Learning: Systematic Literature Review15 Apr 2025
- 2024Towards Trustworthy Machine Learning in Production: An Overview of the Robustness in MLOps Approach28 Oct 2024
- 2024Maintainability Challenges in ML: A Systematic Literature Review17 Aug 2024
- 2024Leveraging Large Language Models for Structure Learning in Prompted Weak Supervision2 Feb 2024
- 2023AutoML in Heavily Constrained Applications29 Jun 2023
- 2022Lifting Weak Supervision To Structured Prediction24 Nov 2022
- 2022Management of Machine Learning Lifecycle Artifacts: A Survey21 Oct 2022
- 2022AutoWS-Bench-101: Benchmarking Automated Weak Supervision with 100 Labels30 Aug 2022
- 2022Generative Modeling Helps Weak Supervision (and Vice Versa)22 Mar 2022
- 2022Nemo: Guiding and Contextualizing Weak Supervision for Interactive Data Programming2 Mar 2022
12 newest of 20 All 20 (JSON)