The FRENK Datasets of Socially Unacceptable Discourse in Slovene and English
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper we present datasets of Facebook comment threads to mainstream media posts in Slovene and English developed inside the Slovene national project FRENK which cover two topics, migrants and LGBT, and are manually annotated for different types of socially unacceptable discourse (SUD). The main advantages of these datasets compared to the existing ones are identical sampling procedures, producing comparable data across languages and an annotation schema that takes into account six types of SUD and five targets at which SUD is directed. We describe the sampling and annotation procedures, and analyze the annotation distributions and inter-annotator agreements. We consider this dataset to be an important milestone in understanding and combating SUD for both languages.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 5 Jun 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 0; 2023: 2; 2024: 3; 2025: 1.
8 papers.
- 2024MetaHate: A Dataset for Unifying Efforts on Hate Speech Detectioncited by 14
- 2023HateModerate: Testing Hate Speech Detectors against Content Moderation Policiescited by 7
- 2023PEACE: Cross-Platform Hate Speech Detection- A Causality-guided Frameworkcited by 6
- 2024LLM Teacher-Student Framework for Text Classification With No Manually Annotated Data: A Case Study in IPTC News Topic Classificationcited by 6
- 2021Retweet communities reveal the main sources of hate speechcited by 5
- 2021Online Hate: Behavioural Dynamics and Relationship with Misinformationcited by 3
- 2024Cross-lingual Offensive Language Detection: A Systematic Review of Datasets, Transfer Approaches and Challengescited by 2
- 2025Bridging Gaps in Hate Speech Detection: Meta-Collections and Benchmarks for Low-Resource Iberian Languagescited by 2
- 2025Bridging Gaps in Hate Speech Detection: Meta-Collections and Benchmarks for Low-Resource Iberian Languages13 Oct 2025
- 2024LLM Teacher-Student Framework for Text Classification With No Manually Annotated Data: A Case Study in IPTC News Topic Classification29 Nov 2024
- 2024Cross-lingual Offensive Language Detection: A Systematic Review of Datasets, Transfer Approaches and Challenges17 Jan 2024
- 2024MetaHate: A Dataset for Unifying Efforts on Hate Speech Detection12 Jan 2024
- 2023HateModerate: Testing Hate Speech Detectors against Content Moderation Policies23 Jul 2023
- 2023PEACE: Cross-Platform Hate Speech Detection- A Causality-guided Framework15 Jun 2023
- 2021Retweet communities reveal the main sources of hate speech31 May 2021
- 2021Online Hate: Behavioural Dynamics and Relationship with Misinformation28 May 2021