Painting on Placement: Forecasting Routing Congestion using Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Physical design process commonly consumes hours to days for large designs, and routing is known as the most critical step. Demands for accurate routing quality prediction raise to a new level to accelerate hardware innovation with advanced technology nodes. This work presents an approach that forecasts the density of all routing channels over the entire floorplan, with features collected up to placement, using conditional GANs. Specifically, forecasting the routing congestion is constructed as an image translation (colorization) problem. The proposed approach is applied to a) placement exploration for minimum congestion, b) constrained placement exploration and c) forecasting congestion in real-time during incremental placement, using eight designs targeting a fixed FPGA architecture.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 15 Apr 2019.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 3; 2024: 3; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
8 papers.
- 2023RESPECT: Reinforcement Learning based Edge Scheduling on Pipelined Coral Edge TPUscited by 7
- 2023Accelerating Exact Combinatorial Optimization via RL-based Initialization -- A Case Study in Schedulingcited by 4
- 2024MapTune: Advancing ASIC Technology Mapping via Reinforcement Learning Guided Library Tuningcited by 4
- 2022Towards Collaborative Intelligence: Routability Estimation based on Decentralized Private Datacited by 1
- 2024Optimizing Predictive AI in Physical Design Flows with Mini Pixel Batch Gradient Descentcited by 1
- 2023Variational Label-Correlation Enhancement for Congestion Predictioncited by 0
- 2024Improving Routability Prediction via NAS Using a Smooth One-shot Augmented Predictorcited by 0
- 2026VeriHGN: Heterogeneous Graph-Based Congestion Prediction for Chip Layout Verificationcited by 0
- 2026VeriHGN: Heterogeneous Graph-Based Congestion Prediction for Chip Layout Verification10 Mar 2026
- 2024Improving Routability Prediction via NAS Using a Smooth One-shot Augmented Predictor21 Nov 2024
- 2024MapTune: Advancing ASIC Technology Mapping via Reinforcement Learning Guided Library Tuning25 Jul 2024
- 2024Optimizing Predictive AI in Physical Design Flows with Mini Pixel Batch Gradient Descent8 Feb 2024
- 2023Accelerating Exact Combinatorial Optimization via RL-based Initialization -- A Case Study in Scheduling19 Aug 2023
- 2023Variational Label-Correlation Enhancement for Congestion Prediction1 Aug 2023
- 2023RESPECT: Reinforcement Learning based Edge Scheduling on Pipelined Coral Edge TPUs10 Apr 2023
- 2022Towards Collaborative Intelligence: Routability Estimation based on Decentralized Private Data30 Mar 2022