Fake News Detection via NLP is Vulnerable to Adversarial Attacks
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Abstract (arXiv)
News plays a significant role in shaping people's beliefs and opinions. Fake news has always been a problem, which wasn't exposed to the mass public until the past election cycle for the 45th President of the United States. While quite a few detection methods have been proposed to combat fake news since 2015, they focus mainly on linguistic aspects of an article without any fact checking. In this paper, we argue that these models have the potential to misclassify fact-tampering fake news as well as under-written real news. Through experiments on Fakebox, a state-of-the-art fake news detector, we show that fact tampering attacks can be effective. To address these weaknesses, we argue that fact checking should be adopted in conjunction with linguistic characteristics analysis, so as to truly separate fake news from real news. A crowdsourced knowledge graph is proposed as a straw man solution to collecting timely facts about news events.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 5 Jan 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 4; 2023: 2; 2024: 5; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
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- 2021TURINGBENCH: A Benchmark Environment for Turing Test in the Age of Neural Text Generationcited by 118
- 2023Fake News in Sheep's Clothing: Robust Fake News Detection Against LLM-Empowered Style Attackscited by 69
- 2022AI Ethics Issues in Real World: Evidence from AI Incident Databasecited by 14
- 2024Modelling Political Coalition Negotiations Using LLM-based Agentscited by 13
- 2024Attacking Misinformation Detection Using Adversarial Examples Generated by Language Modelscited by 10
- 2023Verifying the Robustness of Automatic Credibility Assessmentcited by 8
- 2021How Vulnerable Are Automatic Fake News Detection Methods to Adversarial Attacks?cited by 7
- 2026Robust Fake News Detection using Large Language Models under Adversarial Sentiment Attackscited by 7
- 2021R&R: Metric-guided Adversarial Sentence Generationcited by 6
- 2022Automatic Detection of Entity-Manipulated Text using Factual Knowledgecited by 5
- 2024Adversarial Style Augmentation via Large Language Model for Robust Fake News Detectioncited by 5
- 2024MegaFake: A Theory-Driven Dataset of Fake News Generated by Large Language Modelscited by 5
7 more
- 2021Adversarial Attacks and Defenses for Social Network Text Processing Applications: Techniques, Challenges and Future Research Directionscited by 4
- 2022An Adversarial Benchmark for Fake News Detection Modelscited by 4
- 2022Automatic Fake News Detection: Are current models "fact-checking" or "gut-checking"?cited by 3
- 2025When Claims Evolve: Evaluating and Enhancing the Robustness of Embedding Models Against Misinformation Editscited by 3
- 2021Recurrent Graph Neural Networks for Rumor Detection in Online Forumscited by 2
- 2021Adversarial attacks against Bayesian forecasting dynamic modelscited by 2
- 2024Single Word Change is All You Need: Using LLMs to Create Synthetic Training Examples for Text Classifierscited by 0
- 2026Robust Fake News Detection using Large Language Models under Adversarial Sentiment Attacks21 Jan 2026
- 2025When Claims Evolve: Evaluating and Enhancing the Robustness of Embedding Models Against Misinformation Edits5 Mar 2025
- 2024Attacking Misinformation Detection Using Adversarial Examples Generated by Language Models28 Oct 2024
- 2024MegaFake: A Theory-Driven Dataset of Fake News Generated by Large Language Models19 Aug 2024
- 2024Adversarial Style Augmentation via Large Language Model for Robust Fake News Detection17 Jun 2024
- 2024Modelling Political Coalition Negotiations Using LLM-based Agents18 Feb 2024
- 2024Single Word Change is All You Need: Using LLMs to Create Synthetic Training Examples for Text Classifiers30 Jan 2024
- 2023Fake News in Sheep's Clothing: Robust Fake News Detection Against LLM-Empowered Style Attacks16 Oct 2023
- 2023Verifying the Robustness of Automatic Credibility Assessment14 Mar 2023
- 2022AI Ethics Issues in Real World: Evidence from AI Incident Database15 Jun 2022
- 2022Automatic Fake News Detection: Are current models "fact-checking" or "gut-checking"?14 Apr 2022
- 2022Automatic Detection of Entity-Manipulated Text using Factual Knowledge19 Mar 2022
7 more
- 2022An Adversarial Benchmark for Fake News Detection Models3 Jan 2022
- 2021Adversarial Attacks and Defenses for Social Network Text Processing Applications: Techniques, Challenges and Future Research Directions26 Oct 2021
- 2021Adversarial attacks against Bayesian forecasting dynamic models20 Oct 2021
- 2021TURINGBENCH: A Benchmark Environment for Turing Test in the Age of Neural Text Generation27 Sep 2021
- 2021Recurrent Graph Neural Networks for Rumor Detection in Online Forums8 Aug 2021
- 2021How Vulnerable Are Automatic Fake News Detection Methods to Adversarial Attacks?16 Jul 2021
- 2021R&R: Metric-guided Adversarial Sentence Generation17 Apr 2021
- 2021TURINGBENCH: A Benchmark Environment for Turing Test in the Age of Neural Text Generationcited by 118
- 2023Fake News in Sheep's Clothing: Robust Fake News Detection Against LLM-Empowered Style Attackscited by 69
- 2022AI Ethics Issues in Real World: Evidence from AI Incident Databasecited by 14
- 2024Attacking Misinformation Detection Using Adversarial Examples Generated by Language Modelscited by 10
- 2023Verifying the Robustness of Automatic Credibility Assessmentcited by 8
- 2021How Vulnerable Are Automatic Fake News Detection Methods to Adversarial Attacks?cited by 7
- 2026Robust Fake News Detection using Large Language Models under Adversarial Sentiment Attackscited by 7
- 2021R&R: Metric-guided Adversarial Sentence Generationcited by 6
- 2022Automatic Detection of Entity-Manipulated Text using Factual Knowledgecited by 5
- 2024Adversarial Style Augmentation via Large Language Model for Robust Fake News Detectioncited by 5
- 2024MegaFake: A Theory-Driven Dataset of Fake News Generated by Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2021Adversarial Attacks and Defenses for Social Network Text Processing Applications: Techniques, Challenges and Future Research Directionscited by 4
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026Robust Fake News Detection using Large Language Models under Adversarial Sentiment Attacks21 Jan 2026
- 2025When Claims Evolve: Evaluating and Enhancing the Robustness of Embedding Models Against Misinformation Edits5 Mar 2025
- 2024Attacking Misinformation Detection Using Adversarial Examples Generated by Language Models28 Oct 2024
- 2024MegaFake: A Theory-Driven Dataset of Fake News Generated by Large Language Models19 Aug 2024
- 2024Adversarial Style Augmentation via Large Language Model for Robust Fake News Detection17 Jun 2024
- 2024Single Word Change is All You Need: Using LLMs to Create Synthetic Training Examples for Text Classifiers30 Jan 2024
- 2023Fake News in Sheep's Clothing: Robust Fake News Detection Against LLM-Empowered Style Attacks16 Oct 2023
- 2023Verifying the Robustness of Automatic Credibility Assessment14 Mar 2023
- 2022AI Ethics Issues in Real World: Evidence from AI Incident Database15 Jun 2022
- 2022Automatic Fake News Detection: Are current models "fact-checking" or "gut-checking"?14 Apr 2022
- 2022Automatic Detection of Entity-Manipulated Text using Factual Knowledge19 Mar 2022
- 2022An Adversarial Benchmark for Fake News Detection Models3 Jan 2022
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)