mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Painting Outside the Box: Image Outpainting with GANs

arXiv 1808.08483 ↗First posted 25 Aug 2018cs.CVcited by 30

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Abstract (arXiv)

The challenging task of image outpainting (extrapolation) has received comparatively little attention in relation to its cousin, image inpainting (completion). Accordingly, we present a deep learning approach based on Iizuka et al. for adversarially training a network to hallucinate past image boundaries. We use a three-phase training schedule to stably train a DCGAN architecture on a subset of the Places365 dataset. In line with Iizuka et al., we also use local discriminators to enhance the quality of our output. Once trained, our model is able to outpaint 128 × 128 color images relatively realistically, thus allowing for recursive outpainting. Our results show that deep learning approaches to image outpainting are both feasible and promising.

Key facts. Cited by 30 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 25 Aug 2018.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 9; 2023: 7; 2024: 2; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.

30 papers.

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  1. 2021Large Scale Image Completion via Co-Modulated Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 219
  2. 2023Street-View Image Generation from a Bird's-Eye View Layoutcited by 102
  3. 2021InfinityGAN: Towards Infinite-Pixel Image Synthesiscited by 61
  4. 2023Autoregressive Omni-Aware Outpainting for Open-Vocabulary 360-Degree Image Generationcited by 33
  5. 2022Guided Co-Modulated GAN for 360deg Field of View Extrapolationcited by 32
  6. 2025Neighboring Autoregressive Modeling for Efficient Visual Generationcited by 29
  7. 2023DiffInfinite: Large Mask-Image Synthesis via Parallel Random Patch Diffusion in Histopathologycited by 28
  8. 2021BIPS: Bi-modal Indoor Panorama Synthesis via Residual Depth-aided Adversarial Learningcited by 26
  9. 2021Conditional Image Generation by Conditioning Variational Auto-Encoderscited by 25
  10. 2024Continuous-Multiple Image Outpainting in One-Step via Positional Query and A Diffusion-based Approachcited by 18
  11. 2022Factorized and Controllable Neural Re-Rendering of Outdoor Scene for Photo Extrapolationcited by 16
  12. 2025ComfyGPT: A Self-Optimizing Multi-Agent System for Comprehensive ComfyUI Workflow Generationcited by 14
18 more
  1. 2022Cylin-Painting: Seamless 360textdegree Panoramic Image Outpainting and Beyondcited by 12
  2. 2022Outpainting by Queriescited by 12
  3. 2022Generalised Image Outpainting with U-Transformercited by 11
  4. 2022Scene Graph Expansion for Semantics-Guided Image Outpaintingcited by 11
  5. 2023Beyond Image Borders: Learning Feature Extrapolation for Unbounded Image Compositioncited by 9
  6. 2023RecRecNet: Rectangling Rectified Wide-Angle Images by Thin-Plate Spline Model and DoF-based Curriculum Learningcited by 8
  7. 2023Fast Full-frame Video Stabilization with Iterative Optimizationcited by 8
  8. 2024VIP: Versatile Image Outpainting Empowered by Multimodal Large Language Modelcited by 8
  9. 2023FishDreamer: Towards Fisheye Semantic Completion via Unified Image Outpainting and Segmentationcited by 6
  10. 2022Beyond the Field-of-View: Enhancing Scene Visibility and Perception with Clip-Recurrent Transformercited by 5
  11. 2021In-N-Out: Towards Good Initialization for Inpainting and Outpaintingcited by 4
  12. 2022FisheyeEX: Polar Outpainting for Extending the FoV of Fisheye Lenscited by 2
  13. 2025SSDD-GAN: Single-Step Denoising Diffusion GAN for Cochlear Implant Surgical Scene Completioncited by 2
  14. 2026M3DDM+: An improved video outpainting by a modified masking strategycited by 2
  15. 2021SilGAN: Generating driving maneuvers for scenario-based software-in-the-loop testingcited by 1
  16. 2021A self-adapting super-resolution structures framework for automatic design of GANcited by 0
  17. 2022Structure-guided Image Outpaintingcited by 0
  18. 2026High-Resolution Artwork Outpainting with Global Blueprint Guidance and Layout Controlcited by 0