Towards Interpretable Face Recognition
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep CNNs have been pushing the frontier of visual recognition over past years. Besides recognition accuracy, strong demands in understanding deep CNNs in the research community motivate developments of tools to dissect pre-trained models to visualize how they make predictions. Recent works further push the interpretability in the network learning stage to learn more meaningful representations. In this work, focusing on a specific area of visual recognition, we report our efforts towards interpretable face recognition. We propose a spatial activation diversity loss to learn more structured face representations. By leveraging the structure, we further design a feature activation diversity loss to push the interpretable representations to be discriminative and robust to occlusions. We demonstrate on three face recognition benchmarks that our proposed method is able to improve face recognition accuracy with easily interpretable face representations.
Key facts. Cited by 30 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 2 May 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 6; 2023: 9; 2024: 4; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
30 papers.
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- 2022From Anecdotal Evidence to Quantitative Evaluation Methods: A Systematic Review on Evaluating Explainable AIcited by 299
- 2021Trustworthy AI: From Principles to Practicescited by 206
- 2021Biometrics: Trust, but Verifycited by 39
- 2024IFViT: Interpretable Fixed-Length Representation for Fingerprint Matching via Vision Transformercited by 16
- 2021Pixel-Level Face Image Quality Assessment for Explainable Face Recognitioncited by 14
- 202550 Years of Automated Face Recognitioncited by 13
- 2023Towards Visual Saliency Explanations of Face Verificationcited by 11
- 2022Causality-Inspired Taxonomy for Explainable Artificial Intelligencecited by 9
- 2023ReliableSwap: Boosting General Face Swapping Via Reliable Supervisioncited by 8
- 20233D Face Reconstruction: the Road to Forensicscited by 7
- 2021Locality-aware Channel-wise Dropout for Occluded Face Recognitioncited by 5
- 2021Interpreting Face Inference Models using Hierarchical Network Dissectioncited by 4
18 more
- 20233D Face Reconstruction for Forensic Recognition -- A Surveycited by 4
- 2023An Explainable Model-Agnostic Algorithm for CNN-based Biometrics Verificationcited by 4
- 2025Attributes Shape the Embedding Space of Face Recognition Modelscited by 4
- 2022Deep face recognition with clustering based domain adaptationcited by 3
- 2023Explanation of Face Recognition via Saliency Mapscited by 3
- 2023Discriminative Deep Feature Visualization for Explainable Face Recognitioncited by 3
- 2022Which Style Makes Me Attractive? Interpretable Control Discovery and Counterfactual Explanation on StyleGANcited by 2
- 2022Activation Template Matching Loss for Explainable Face Recognitioncited by 2
- 2024GiMeFive: Towards Interpretable Facial Emotion Classificationcited by 2
- 2024Bridging Human Concepts and Computer Vision for Explainable Face Verificationcited by 2
- 2025A Quantitative Evaluation of the Expressivity of BMI, Pose and Gender in Body Embeddings for Recognition and Identificationcited by 2
- 2025A Survey on Interpretability in Visual Recognitioncited by 2
- 2022A Survey of Face Recognitioncited by 1
- 2023Adaptive Face Recognition Using Adversarial Information Networkcited by 1
- 2024Towards A Comprehensive Visual Saliency Explanation Framework for AI-based Face Recognition Systemscited by 1
- 2023Explaining Deep Face Algorithms through Visualization: A Surveycited by 0
- 2026AttriBE: Quantifying Attribute Expressivity in Body Embeddings for Recognition and Identificationcited by 0
- 2026AlignFace: Human-Aligned Face Similarity Metric with Interpretable Concept Relationscited by 0
- 2026AlignFace: Human-Aligned Face Similarity Metric with Interpretable Concept Relations14 Aug 2026
- 2026AttriBE: Quantifying Attribute Expressivity in Body Embeddings for Recognition and Identification29 Apr 2026
- 2025Attributes Shape the Embedding Space of Face Recognition Models15 Jul 2025
- 2025A Survey on Interpretability in Visual Recognition15 Jul 2025
- 202550 Years of Automated Face Recognition30 May 2025
- 2025A Quantitative Evaluation of the Expressivity of BMI, Pose and Gender in Body Embeddings for Recognition and Identification9 Mar 2025
- 2024Towards A Comprehensive Visual Saliency Explanation Framework for AI-based Face Recognition Systems8 Jul 2024
- 2024IFViT: Interpretable Fixed-Length Representation for Fingerprint Matching via Vision Transformer12 Apr 2024
- 2024GiMeFive: Towards Interpretable Facial Emotion Classification24 Feb 2024
- 2024Bridging Human Concepts and Computer Vision for Explainable Face Verification30 Jan 2024
- 2023Explaining Deep Face Algorithms through Visualization: A Survey26 Sep 2023
- 20233D Face Reconstruction: the Road to Forensics20 Sep 2023
18 more
- 2023An Explainable Model-Agnostic Algorithm for CNN-based Biometrics Verification25 Jul 2023
- 2023ReliableSwap: Boosting General Face Swapping Via Reliable Supervision8 Jun 2023
- 2023Discriminative Deep Feature Visualization for Explainable Face Recognition1 Jun 2023
- 2023Adaptive Face Recognition Using Adversarial Information Network23 May 2023
- 2023Towards Visual Saliency Explanations of Face Verification15 May 2023
- 2023Explanation of Face Recognition via Saliency Maps12 Apr 2023
- 20233D Face Reconstruction for Forensic Recognition -- A Survey3 Feb 2023
- 2022A Survey of Face Recognition26 Dec 2022
- 2022Causality-Inspired Taxonomy for Explainable Artificial Intelligence19 Aug 2022
- 2022Activation Template Matching Loss for Explainable Face Recognition5 Jul 2022
- 2022Deep face recognition with clustering based domain adaptation27 May 2022
- 2022Which Style Makes Me Attractive? Interpretable Control Discovery and Counterfactual Explanation on StyleGAN24 Jan 2022
- 2022From Anecdotal Evidence to Quantitative Evaluation Methods: A Systematic Review on Evaluating Explainable AI20 Jan 2022
- 2021Pixel-Level Face Image Quality Assessment for Explainable Face Recognition21 Oct 2021
- 2021Trustworthy AI: From Principles to Practices4 Oct 2021
- 2021Interpreting Face Inference Models using Hierarchical Network Dissection23 Aug 2021
- 2021Locality-aware Channel-wise Dropout for Occluded Face Recognition20 Jul 2021
- 2021Biometrics: Trust, but Verify14 May 2021
- 2022From Anecdotal Evidence to Quantitative Evaluation Methods: A Systematic Review on Evaluating Explainable AIcited by 299
- 2021Trustworthy AI: From Principles to Practicescited by 206
- 2021Biometrics: Trust, but Verifycited by 39
- 2024IFViT: Interpretable Fixed-Length Representation for Fingerprint Matching via Vision Transformercited by 16
- 2021Pixel-Level Face Image Quality Assessment for Explainable Face Recognitioncited by 14
- 202550 Years of Automated Face Recognitioncited by 13
- 2023Towards Visual Saliency Explanations of Face Verificationcited by 11
- 2022Causality-Inspired Taxonomy for Explainable Artificial Intelligencecited by 9
- 2023ReliableSwap: Boosting General Face Swapping Via Reliable Supervisioncited by 8
- 20233D Face Reconstruction: the Road to Forensicscited by 7
- 2021Locality-aware Channel-wise Dropout for Occluded Face Recognitioncited by 5
- 2021Interpreting Face Inference Models using Hierarchical Network Dissectioncited by 4
12 most cited of 30 All 30 (JSON)
- 2026AlignFace: Human-Aligned Face Similarity Metric with Interpretable Concept Relations14 Aug 2026
- 2026AttriBE: Quantifying Attribute Expressivity in Body Embeddings for Recognition and Identification29 Apr 2026
- 2025Attributes Shape the Embedding Space of Face Recognition Models15 Jul 2025
- 2025A Survey on Interpretability in Visual Recognition15 Jul 2025
- 202550 Years of Automated Face Recognition30 May 2025
- 2025A Quantitative Evaluation of the Expressivity of BMI, Pose and Gender in Body Embeddings for Recognition and Identification9 Mar 2025
- 2024Towards A Comprehensive Visual Saliency Explanation Framework for AI-based Face Recognition Systems8 Jul 2024
- 2024IFViT: Interpretable Fixed-Length Representation for Fingerprint Matching via Vision Transformer12 Apr 2024
- 2024GiMeFive: Towards Interpretable Facial Emotion Classification24 Feb 2024
- 2024Bridging Human Concepts and Computer Vision for Explainable Face Verification30 Jan 2024
- 2023Explaining Deep Face Algorithms through Visualization: A Survey26 Sep 2023
- 20233D Face Reconstruction: the Road to Forensics20 Sep 2023
12 newest of 30 All 30 (JSON)